Cape gauge

Cape gauge ("lebar trak Cape") adalah lebar trak sebesar 1.067 mm (3 ft 6 in) antara sisi dalam kepala rel. Lebar trak ini dikategorikan sempit. Secara keseluruhan terdapat rel sepanjang sekitar 112.000 kilometer (70,000 mil) di dunia dengan lebar trak ini.

Lebar trak 1.067 mm (3 ft 6 in) pertama kali digunakan oleh insinyu Carl Abraham Pihl dari Norwegia. Jalur pertama dibuka tahun 1862.

Di Indonesia, Cape gauge adalah yang standar rel kereta api.

Cape gauge diberi nama provinsi Cape di Afrika Selatan, yang memilih lebar trak ini tahaun 1873.^[1][2]. It is sometimes alternatively known as CAP gauge, after C.A.Pihl.^[3]

Pemakai

112,000 km (69.594 mil) memakai Cape gauge di dunia :^[4]

• Afrika Tengah dan Selatan :
  • Angola;
  • Botswana;
  • Malawi;
  • Mozambique;
  • Namibia;
  • Afrika Selatan;
  • Tanzania, dari Dar es Salaam ke Zambia;
  • Zambia;
  • Zimbabwe.
• Asia :
  • Indonesia 5.961 km (3,704 mil)^[5]
  • Jepang 20.182 km (12,541 mil)^[6]
  • Russia - Pulau Sakhalin - pada 2010^[update] in the process of conversion to 1,520 mm (4 ft 11+⁷⁄₈ in) (Russian gauge)
  • Taiwan 1.097 km (682 mil) (Taiwan Railway Administration)
  • Filipina 900 km (560 mil)^{[butuh rujukan]}
• Pasifik :
  • Selandia Baru 3.900 km (2,400 mil)
  • Australia 15.160 km (9,420 mil):
    • Queensland 8.313 km (5,165 mil)
    • Tasmania 632 km (393 mil)
    • Australia Barat
    • Australia Selatan
    • Dulu di Northern Territory.
• Amerika :
  • Amerika Serikat :
    • Trackage in most coal mines^[7]
    • Kereta kabel San Francisco.

Mantan pemakai

• In Norway a number of main lines were built in the 19th century by the Norwegian engineer Carl Abraham Pihl with 1.067 mm (3 ft 6 in), and were later rebuilt to standard gauge.
• The gauge was popular for railroads on the islands of the St. Lawrence Gulf. Both the Prince Edward Island Railway and Newfoundland Railway were built to this gauge. The PEI lines were later standard gauged before eventually being abandoned. The Newfoundland Railway was abandoned in 1989, operating as a narrow gauge line until the very end.
• During the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905, the Japanese converted South Manchuria Railway from the Russian gauge (5 ft) to the 3 ft 6 in Japanese gauge, in order to facilitate the use of rolling stock brought from Japan. But once the new Japanese South Manchuria Railway company took possession of the line 1907, it was re-gauged again, now to the standard gauge (4 ft 8½ in).^[8]
• Occasional lines in the United States used this gauge, including the Los Angeles Railway and San Diego Electric Railway in California.

Catatan