S-300 (peluru kendali)
S-300 (HongQi 9 HQ-9) launcher China
S-300 (pelaporan nama NATO :SA-10 Grumble) adalah serangkaian sistem rudal permukaan-ke-udara rentang panjang awalnya Soviet dan kemudian Rusia yang diproduksi oleh NPO Almaz, semua didasarkan pada awal versi S-300P.
S-300 dikembangkan untuk pertahaan terhadap pesawat dan rudal jelajah untuk Angkatan Udara Pertahanan Soviet. Variasi berikutnya dikembangkan untuk mencegat rudal balistik.
Sistem varian S-300PMU-2 terdiri dari:[1]
- Long-range surveillance radar
- Command vehicle
- Engagement radar
- Launch vehicles (terdiri dari satu unit kendaraan atau lebih)
Daftar isi
Jenis Peluru kedali
- 5V55K/KD, (1978), range 47 km (29mile), kecepatan 1,150 m/s (2572 mph), berat 1,450 kg (3,200 lb)
- 5V55R/RM, (1984), range 90 km (56mile), kecepatan 1,150 m/s (2572 mph), berat 1,450 kg (3,200 lb),
- 5V55U, (1992) range 150 km (93mile), berat 1,470 kg (3,240 lb)
- 48N6/E, (1992), range 150 km (93mile), kecepatan 2,800 m/s (6,415 mph), berat 1,780 kg (3,920 lb)
- 48N6E2, (1992), range 195 km (121mile), kecepatan 2,800 m/s (6,415 mph), berat 1,800 kg (3,970 lb)
- 9M82, (1984), range 13–100 km (8,1–62 mil) 30 km (98,000 kaki) alt, berat 420 kg (926 lb), pemakai pertama S-300V
- 9M83, (1984), range 6–75 km (3,7–47 mil) 25 km (82,000 kaki) alt, kecepatan 1.700 m/s (3,800 mph) S-300V
- 9M83ME, (1990), range 200 km (120mile), pemakai pertama S-300VM
- 9M96E1, (1999), range 40 km (25mile), kecepatan 4,800–5,000 m/s (10,737–11,185 mph), berat 330 kg (728 lb), pemakai pertama S-400
- 9M96E2, (1999), range 120 km (75mile), kecepatan 4,800–5,000 m/s (10,737–11,185 mph), berat 420 kg (926 lb), pemakai pertama S-400
- 40N6, (2000), range 400 km (250mile), pemakai pertama S-400
Variasi dan upgrade
Banyak versi sejak muncul dengan rudal yang berbeda, peningkatan radar, lebih tahan terhadap penanggulangan, jangkauan yang lebih panjang dan kemampuan yang lebih baik terhadap rudal balistik jarak pendek atau target terbang pada ketinggian sangat rendah. Saat ini ada tiga varian utama.
- S-300P
- Basis darat S-300P (SA-10)
- S-300F
- Basis laut S-300F (SA-N-6)
- Basis laut S-300FM (SA-N-20)
- S-300V (SA-12)
- S-300PMU-1/2 (SA-20)
- S-400 (SA-21)
- S-300VM (SA-X-23)
Silsilah Sistem S-300
| S-300 Family | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S-300V | S-300P | S-300F | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S-300V1 | S-300V2 | S-300PT | S-300PS | Fort | Rif | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S-300VM | S-300PT-1 | S-300PM | S-300PMU | Fort-M | Rif-M | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Favorit-S | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S-300VM1 | S-300VM2 | S-300PT-1A | S-300PM1 | S-300PMU1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Antey 2500 | S-300PM2 | S-300PMU2 | Russian Version | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Favorit | Export Version | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S-300VMD | S-400 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Perbandingan sistem lain
| official designation COMPLEX | S-300PMU[1] | S-300PMU1[2] | S-300PMU2[3] | S-300VM[3] | Patriot PAC-2[4] | Patriot PAC-3[5] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Range of, kms | aerodynamic target | 5—90 | 5—150 | 3—200 | 200 (250) | 3—160 | 15, at most 20 |
| ballistic targets | at most 35 | at most 40 | 5—40 | 40 | 20 | 15—45[6] (20)[7] | |
| Height defeat, kms | aerodynamic target | 0,025—27 | 0,01—27 | 0,01—27 | 0,025—30 | 0,06—24 | 15[7] |
| ballistic targets | (?) | (?) | 2—25 | 1-30 | 3—12 | 15(?)[7] | |
| Maximum target speed, M/S | 1150, at most 1300 | at most 2800 | at most 2800 | 4500 of ballistic targets[3] | at most 2200 | at most 1600 [7] | |
| Maximum speed of the rocket COMPLEX, M/S | at most 2000[1] | (?) | 1900 | 2600/1700[7] | 1700[8] | (?) | |
| Number of simultaneously guided anti-aircraft missiles of one COMPLEX | at most 12 | at most 12 | at most 72 | 48 (?) / 96 (?) | at most 24 | (?) | |
| Number of simultaneously engaged targets one COMPLEX | at most 6 | at most 6 | at most 36 | at most 24 | at most 8 | at most 8 | |
| Mass of a rocket, kilo | 1400—1600 | (?) | 330—1900 | (?) | 900 | 312 | |
| Warhead weight, kilo | 150 | (?) | 180[9] | (?) | 91 | 74 | |
| Minimum time between launches missiles,SECONDS | 3—5 | 3—5 | 3 (0 at start from different CARRIERS MISSILES) | 1,5 (0 at start from different CARRIERS MISSILES) | 3—4 (1[8] at start from different CARRIERS MISSILES) | (?) | |
| The set up time and clotting time of starting complex, mins | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 15/30 (?) | 15/30(?) | |
| means of transportation | Wheeled | Wheeled | Wheeled | CATERPILLAR | semi trailer | semi trailer | |
Radar
| GRAU index | NATO reporting name | Specialisation | Target detection range | Simultaneously detected targets | NATO frequency band | First used with | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36D6 | TIN SHIELD | – | 180–360 km (112-224mile) | 120 | E/F | S-300P | Industrial designation: ST-68UM 350 kW to 1.23 MW signal strength |
| 76N6 | CLAM SHELL | Low altitude detection | I | S-300P | |||
| 76N6 | CLAM SHELL | Low altitude detection | 120 km (75mile) | 300 | I | S-300PMU | 1.4 kW FM continuous wave |
| 64N6 | BIG BIRD | Regiment radar | 300 km (186mile) | C | S-300PMU-1 | ||
| 96L6E | CHEESE BOARD | All altitude detection | 300 km (186mile) | 300 | S-300PMU-1 | ||
| 9S15 | BILL BOARD | – | 250 km (155mile) | 200 | S-300V | ||
| 9S19 | HIGH SCREEN | Sector tracking | 16 | S-300V | |||
| MR-75[10] | TOP STEER | Naval | 300 km (186mile) | D/E | S-300F | ||
| MR-800 Voskhod[10] | TOP PAIR | Naval | 200 km (124mile) | C/D/E/F | S-300F |
Target tracking
| GRAU index | NATO reporting name | NATO frequency band | Target detection range | Simultaneously tracked targets | Simultaneously engaged targets | First used with | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30N6 | FLAP LID A | I/J | 4 | 4 | S-300P | ||
| 30N6E(1) | FLAP LID B | H-J | 200 km (124mile) | 12 | 6 | S-300PMU | Phased array |
| 30N6E2 | FLAP LID B | I/J | 200 km (124mile) | 72 | 36 | S-300PMU-2 | |
| 9S32-1 | GRILL PAN | Multi-band | 140–150 km (90mile) | 12 | 6 | S-300V | |
| 3R41 Volna | TOP DOME | I/J | 100 km (62mile) | S-300F |
Missiles
two types of missiles for the Russian SA-20 anti-air complex
| GRAU index | Year | Range | Maximum velocity | Maximum target Speed | Length | Diameter | Weight | Warhead | Guidance | First used with |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5V55K/KD | 1978 | 47 km (29mile) | 1,700 m/s (3,800 mph) | 1,150 m/s (2572 mph) | 7 m (23 ft) | 450mm | 1,450 kg (3,200 lb) | 100 kg (220 lb) | Command | |
| 5V55R/RM | 1984 | 90 km (56mile) | 1,700 m/s (3,800 mph) | 1,150 m/s (2572 mph) | 7 m (23 ft) | 450mm | 1,450 kg (3,200 lb) | 133 kg (293 lb) | SARH | |
| 5V55U | 1992 | 150 km (93mile) | 2,000 m/s (4,470 mph) | 7 m (23 ft) | 450mm | 1,470 kg (3,240 lb) | 133 kg (293 lb) | SARH | ||
| 48N6/E | 1992 | 150 km (93mile) | 2,000 m/s (4,470 mph) | 2,800 m/s (6,415 mph) | 7.5 m (25 ft) | 500mm | 1,780 kg (3,920 lb) | ~150 kg (~330 lb) | TVM | |
| 48N6E2 | 1992 | 195 km (121mile) | 2,000 m/s (4,470 mph) | 2,800 m/s (6,415 mph) | 7.5 m (25 ft) | 500mm | 1,800 kg (3,970 lb) | 150 kg (330 lb) | TVM | |
| 9M82 | 1984 | 13–100 km (8,1–62 mil) 30 km (98,000 kaki) alt | 2.400 m/s (5,400 mph) | 420 kg (926 lb) | 150 kg (330 lb) | SARH by TELAR | S-300V | |||
| 9M83 | 1984 | 6–75 km (3,7–47 mil) 25 km (82,000 kaki) alt | 1.700 m/s (3,800 mph) | 150 kg (330 lb) | SARH by TELAR | S-300V | ||||
| 9M83ME | 1990 | 200 km (120mile) | SARH by TELAR | S-300VM | ||||||
| 9M96E1 | 1999 | 40 km (25mile) | 900 m/s[11] (2,010 mph) | 4,800–5,000 m/s (10,737–11,185 mph) | 330 kg (728 lb) | 24 kg (53 lb) | Active Radar Homing | S-400 | ||
| 9M96E2 | 1999 | 120 km (75mile) | 1,000 m/s[11] (2,240 mph) | 4,800–5,000 m/s (10,737–11,185 mph) | 420 kg (926 lb) | 24 kg (53 lb) | Active Radar Homing | S-400 | ||
| 40N6[11] | 2000 | 400 km (250mile) | Active Radar Homing | S-400 |
Lihat pula
- S-400
Referensi
- ^ a b http://rbase.new-factoria.ru/missile/ wobb/c300ps/c300ps.shtml
- ^ http://rbase.new-factoria.ru/missile/ wobb/c300pmu1/c300pmu1.shtml
- ^ a b c http://www.almaz-antey.ru/catalogue/m illitary_catalogue/
- ^ http://www.inosmi.ru/infographic/2010 0708/161123864.html
- ^ "Patriot TMD". Diakses 2010-08-17.
- ^ http://www.globalsecurity.org/space/s ystems/patriot-specs.htm
- ^ a b c d e http://www.designation-systems.net/du srm/app4/pac-3.html
- ^ a b http://www.uhlib.ru/tehnicheskie_nauk i/zenitnye_raketnye_kompleksy/p69.php
- ^ http://rbase.new-factoria.ru/missile/ wobb/c300pmu2/c300pmu2.shtml
- ^ a b Not a GRAU index. GRAU indices only apply to land-based versions.
- ^ a b c bahasa Jerman: http://www.dtig.org/docs/sa-21.pdf
Pranala luar
- http://www.almaz-antey.ru/ in Russian
- http://www.bbc.co.uk/ Profile: Russia's S-300 missile system
- http://www.ausairpower.net/TE-Asia-Sa ms-Pt1.pdf and http://www.ausairpower.net/TE-Asia-Sa ms-Pt2.pdf, a two-part piece from Australian Air Power.
- www.dtig.org detailed overview of the S-300P & S-300V family.
- S-300 PMU2 SA-20B Gargoyle B Surface-to-Air missile(Army recognition)
- Almaz S-300 – China's "Offensive" Air Defense
- Soviet/Russian Missile Designations
- S-300PMU2 Favorit EnemyForces.com
- Almaz S-300P/PT/PS/PMU/PMU-1/PMU-2
- 76N6 Clam Shell Acquisition Radar
- Antey 9K81 S-300V – SA-12A/B Gladiator/Giant
wiki.gilland-group.com, id.wikipedia.org, ensiklopedia.web.id, dsb.