| Daftar/Tabel -- widget toolkits Low-level widget toolkits As a separate layer on top of the operating system- The X Window System contains primitive building blocks, called Xt or "Intrinsics", but they are used only by Motif and Xaw. Most other toolkits, such as GTK+ or Qt, bypass them and use Xlib.
- The Amiga OS Intuition was formerly present in the Amiga Kickstart ROM and integrated itself with a medium-high level widget library which invoked the Workbench Amiga native GUI. Since Amiga OS 2.0, Intuition.library became disk based and object oriented. Also Workbench.library and Icon.library became disk based, and could be replaced with similar third-party solutions.
- Since 2005 Microsoft has taken the graphics system out of Windows' kernel[2]
High-level widget toolkits OS dependent- BOOPSI (Basic Object Oriented Programming System for Intuition) was introduced with OS 2.0 and enhanced Intuition with a system of classes in which every class represents a single widget or describes an interface event. This led to an evolution in which third-party developers each realised their own personal systems of classes.
- MUI: object-oriented GUI toolkit and the official toolkit for MorphOS.
- Zune (GUI toolkit) is an open source clone of MUI and the official toolkit for AROS.
On Unix, under the X Window SystemNote that the X Window System was originally primarily for Unix-like operating systems, but it now runs on Microsoft Windows as well using, for example, Cygwin, so some or all of these toolkits can also be used under Windows. Cross-platform Based on C (including bindings to other languages)- Elementary, open source (LGPL), a part of the Enlightenment Foundation Libraries, a fast, stable, and scalable library that can be used to create both rich and fast applications that can be used on anything from every day desktop computers to small PDA's and set-top boxes.
- GTK+, open source (LGPL), primarily for the X Window System, ported to and emulated under other platforms; used in the GNOME, Rox, LXDE and Xfce desktop environments. The Windows port has support for native widgets.
- IUP, open source (MIT), a minimalist GUI toolkit in ANSI C for Windows, UNIX and Linux.
- Tk, a widget set accessed from Tcl and other high-level script languages (interfaced in Python as Tkinter).
- XForms, the Forms Library for X
- XVT, Extensible Virtual Toolkit
Based on C++ (including bindings to other languages)- CEGUI, open source (MIT License), configurable GUI designed for game development.
- FLTK, open source (LGPL), cross-platform toolkit designed to be small and fast.
- FOX toolkit, open source (LGPL), cross-platform toolkit.
- GLUI, a very small toolkit written with the GLUT library.
- gtkmm, C++ version of GTK+
- Juce provides GUI and widget set with the same look and feel in Microsoft Windows, X Window Systems, Mac OS X and Android. Rendering can be based on OpenGL.
- Qt, open source (GPL, LGPL) available under Unix and Linux (with X Window), MS Windows, Mac OS X, embedded Linux, Windows CE systems and Symbian S60; also available in commercial versions under these platforms; used in KDE.
- TnFOX, open source (LGPL), a portability toolkit.
- Ultimate++ is a free Win32/X11 application framework bundled with an IDE (BSD license)
- The Visual Component Framework (VCF) is an open source (BSD license) C++ framework project.
- wxWidgets (formerly wxWindows), open source (relaxed LGPL), abstracts toolkits across several platforms for C++, Python, Perl, Ruby and Haskell.
- YAAF, open source (YAAF Open Source License), designed to facilitate creating cross-platform applications.
- Zinc Application Framework, cross-platform widget toolkit.
- GLUI (LGPL) is a GLUT-based C++ user interface library which provides controls such as buttons, checkboxes, radio buttons, and spinners to OpenGL applications.
- Clutter (LGPL) (in C) is an open source software library for creating fast, visually rich and animated graphical user interfaces.
- NUI (GPL) (C++) is based on 3D rendered dynamic layouts. Build your visual interface as a composition of widgets and behaviors.
- Adobe Flash allows creating widgets running in most web browsers and in several mobile phones.
- Adobe Flex provides high-level widgets for building web user interfaces. Flash widgets can be used in Flex.
- Flash and Flex widgets will run without a web browser in the Adobe AIR runtime environment.
- The free software reimplementation of Flash, GNU Gnash, which is under development, can also run Flash widgets outside of a browser.
- Independent software vendors propose to embed the flash application into an executable: MDM Zinc, mProjector and more. Those solutions are cross-platform (depending on the vendors solution).
Based on XML Based on AjaxGeneral RIAs Framework Resource-based Based on SVG- Raphaël is a JavaScript toolkit for SVG interfaces and animations
Based on Java- The Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT) is Sun Microsystems' original widget toolkit for Java applications. It typically uses another toolkit on each platform on which it runs.
- Swing is a richer widget toolkit supported since J2SE 1.2 as a replacement for AWT widgets. Swing is a lightweight toolkit, meaning it does not rely on native widgets.
- Apache Pivot is an open-source platform for building rich web applications in Java or any JVM-compatible language, and relies on the WTK widget toolkit.
- JavaFX
- The Standard Widget Toolkit (SWT) is a native widget toolkit for Java that was developed as part of the Eclipse project. SWT uses a standard toolkit for the running platform (such as the Windows API or GTK+) underneath.
- Qt Jambi, the official Java binding to Qt from Trolltech. The commercial support and development has stopped[4]
- IP Pascal uses a graphics library built on top of standard language constructs. Also unusual for being a procedural toolkit that is cross-platform (no callbacks or other tricks), and is completely upward compatible with standard serial input and output paradigms. Completely standard programs with serial output can be run and extended with graphical constructs.
- Lazarus LCL (for Pascal, Object Pascal and Delphi programming language via Free Pascal compiler), a class library wrapping GTK+ 1.2, Gtk+ 2.x and the Windows API (Carbon, Windows CE and Qt4 support are all in development).
- fpGUI is created with the Free Pascal compiler. It doesn't rely on any large 3rdParty libraries and currently runs on Linux, Windows and Windows CE. A Carbon (Mac OS X) port is under way.
- CLX (Component Library for Cross-platform), used with Borland's Delphi, C++ Builder, and Kylix, for producing cross-platform applications. It is based on Qt, wrapped in such a way that its programming interface is similar to that of the VCL toolkit.
Based on Ada- RAPID is the Rapid Ada Portable Interface Design tool. Current implementations utilize the TASH binding to Tcl/Tk, the GNAT to JVM compiler, the Microsoft .NET Framework, or GtkAda.
- GWindows is a GUI framework that mostly supports Windows development, but also has incomplete implementations for Mac OS X and Linux.
- QtAda, the official Ada binding to Qt.
- EiffelVision is a cross-platform, object-oriented framework for graphical user interface development.
Not yet categorised Perbandingan -- widget toolkits|
Agar | | | C | | | BSD | portable, unique across platforms, fast, low-level | no property grid |
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Xaw / Athena | 1983 | | C | | | | | |
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AWT | 1995 | | Java | | | | portable | |
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Clutter | 2006 | | C | Perl, Python, C#, C++, Vala, Ruby | | LGPL | GTK+ and WebKit embedding | |
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Elementary | 2007 (EFL: 2001) | 2011 | C | JavaScript, Python, Vala, C++ | editje, edje | LGPL | Portable, stable, fast, finger-friendly | |
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FLTK | 1998 | | C++ | Python (pyFLTK), Perl (FLTK.pm), Ruby (Ruby/FLTK), Tcl (Tcl Fltk), Guile (guile-fltk), Eiffel (IFLTK) | FLUID (Fast Light UI Designer) | LGPL (with an exception that allows static linking) | fast, small enough to static link | limited widget selection |
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FOX | 1997 | | C++ | Ruby (FXRuby), Python (FXPy), Eiffel (EiffelFox) | | | consistent across platforms | non-native look and feel |
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GLUI | | | C++ | | | | | |
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GNUstep | 1994 | 2010 | Objective-C | Java, Ruby, Scheme | Gorm (computing) | GPL for the apps, LGPL for the libs | | | X11 |
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GTK+ | 1997 | 2011-04-15 | C | C++ (gtkmm), Perl (Gtk2-perl), Ruby (ruby-gtk2), Python (PyGTK), Haskell (Gtk2Hs), Java (java-gnome) (not available for Microsoft Windows), C# (Gtk#), PHP (PHP-GTK), Ada (GTKAda), D (gtkD), FreeBasic (GladeToBac), Go (go-gtk), OCaml (lablgtk), JavaScript (Gjs, Seed), Fortran (gtk-fortran), Lua (lua-lgi), R (RGtk2) and others via GTK-server | Glade | LGPL | Portable, stable API, free license | Partly native only.[5][6] |
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IUP | 1992 | 2011[7] | C | Lua (IupLua)[8] | LEDC: a compiler for LED | MIT | Portable, lightweight, use the native API, native look&feel, free licence | Non‑Unicode (only plain ASCII) [9] |
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KWWidgets | | | C++ | Tcl/Tk, Python | VisualStudio, gcc | BSD | portable | |
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Motif / Lesstif | 1980s | | C | | BX Pro | | | |
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MWT Multi-Platform Widget Toolkit | 2000-11-15 | 2009-10-20 | C/C++ | Ruby, Perl, Python, Java, Objective Caml | WideStudio Application Builder, Eclipse/NAB | MIT License | very portable, many language bindings (incl. embeded systems) | |
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Nana | 2007 | 2011-12-05 | C++ | | VisualStudio, Dev-C++, Code::Blocks, GCC | | portable, lightweight, C++ style | |
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NTK | 2012 | 2012 | C++ | | | LGPL | Free license, portable, stable, fast | |
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Qt | 1991 | 2011-05-04 | C++ | Ruby (QtRuby), Python (PyQt, PySide, PythonQt), Ada (QtAda), c# ( Qyoto), Java (Qt Jambi), Pascal ( FreePascal Qt4 ), Perl (Perl Qt4), PHP(PHP-Qt), Haskell (Qt Haskell), Lua (lqt, QtLua), Dao ( DaoQt), Tcl ( qtcl ), Common Lisp (CommonQt), D (QtD), Harbour (hbqt) | Qt Designer, Qt Creator | GPL, LGPL.[10] | Portable, rich widget set, GUI builder, free license, stable API | Partially native only.[11][12] |
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SWT | | | Java | D (DWT[disambiguation needed]) | Eclipse | | portable | |
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Swing | 1996 | | Java | | Eclipse, NetBeans | | Portable (Java), advanced widgets, GUI builders | |
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Tk | | | Tcl | Ruby (RubyTk), Python (Tkinter), Perl (Perl/Tk), Ada (TASH), CommonLisp (LTk), Erlang (etk), ... | | | BSD | very portable, many language bindings | |
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Ultimate++ | 2004 | | C++ | | TheIDE | BSD | portable, NTL, free license | |
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VCF | | | C++ | | | BSD | free license | |
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Windows Forms | | | CLI languages | CLI languages | Expression, Visual Studio | | | portability issues, no MVC |
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WPF / XAML / Silverlight | 2007 | | CLI languages | CLI languages | Expression, Visual Studio | | | Portability issues |
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MFC / WinAPI | 1992 | | C++ | | Visual Studio | | | not portable (but Wine implements it for X Window) |
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ATL / WTL | 2004 | | C++ | | Visual Studio | | | not portable |
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wxWidgets | 1992 | 2011-03-28 | C++ | C++ (native), Ruby (wxRuby), Python (wxPython), Perl (wxPerl), Java (wxJava, jwx!), Lua (wxLua), Tcl(wxTCL), JavaScript (GLUEscript), Smalltalk (wxSqueak), Erlang (wxErlang), Haskell (wxHaskell), C (wxC), D (wxD), .NET Framework (wxNet), Common Lisp (wxCL), Basic (wxBasic), BlitzMax (wxMax), Euphoria (wxEuphoria), Ada (wxAda), Pike (wxPike) | VisualWx, Boa Constructor, PythonCard, Spe, XRCed, wxGlade, wxFormBuilder, DialogBlocks ($), wxDesigner ($), Philasmicos Entwickler Studio | wxWindows License | Portable, rich widget set, free licence, semantic similarities to MFC make migration easy. | |
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XUL | | | XML/JavaScript | | | | portable | |
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YAAF | | | C++ | | | | | |
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SmartWin++ | | | C++ | | | | | |
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Juce | 2004 | | C++ | | Jucer | GPL | | |
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XVT | 1989 | 2010 | C and C++ | | Design for C and architect for C++ | | C ross-platform, rich widget set, C and C++ GUI builders, very stable | |
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NUI | | | C++ | | Yapuka | GPL and proprietary | | |
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CLX | | | C++ | | | | | |
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InterViews | | | C++ | | | | | |
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VCL | | | Delphi | | | | | |
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tekUI | | | C / Lua | | | | | |
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Toolkit | Initial release | Latest release | Main language | Bindings | Tools | License | Pros | Cons |
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See also References External links |
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