| HTML 5 Reference Manual Abstract This specification defines the 5th major version, first minor revision of the core language of the World Wide Web: the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). In this version, new features continue to be introduced to help Web application authors, new elements continue to be introduced based on research into prevailing authoring practices, and special attention continues to be given to defining clear conformance criteria for user agents in an effort to improve interoperability. Status of This document This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. A list of current W3C publications and the latest revision of this technical report can be found in the W3C technical reports index at http://www.w3.org/TR/. If you wish to make comments regarding this document in a manner that is tracked by the W3C, please submit them via using our public bug database. If you cannot do this then you can also e-mail feedback to [email protected] (subscribe, archives), and arrangements will be made to transpose the comments to our public bug database. All feedback is welcome. The bulk of the text of this specification is also available in the WHATWG HTML Living Standard, under a license that permits reuse of the specification text. The working groups maintains a list of all bug reports that the editors have not yet tried to address and a list of issues for which the chairs have not yet declared a decision. These bugs and issues apply to multiple HTML-related specifications, not just this one. Implementors should be aware that this specification is not stable. Implementors who are not taking part in the discussions are likely to find the specification changing out from under them in incompatible ways. Vendors interested in implementing this specification before it eventually reaches the Candidate Recommendation stage should join the aforementioned mailing lists and take part in the discussions. Publication as a First Public Working Draft does not imply endorsement by the W3C Membership. This is a draft document and may be updated, replaced or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to cite this document as other than work in progress. The latest stable version of the editor's draft of this specification is always available on the W3C CVS server. There are various ways to follow the change history for this specification: - Browsable version-control record of all changes:
- Github repository (real-time updates): https://github.com/w3c/html/commits/master
- CVSWeb interface (hourly updates): http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/html5/spec/
- E-mail notifications of changes:
- HTML-Commits mailing list (commit notifications for dev.w3.org/html5): http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-html-commits/latest
The W3C HTML Working Group is the W3C working group responsible for this specification's progress along the W3C Recommendation track. This specification is the 17 December 2012 Working Draft. Work on this specification is also done at the WHATWG. The W3C HTML working group actively pursues convergence with the WHATWG, as required by the W3C HTML working group charter. There are various ways to follow this work at the WHATWG: This document was produced by a group operating under the 5 February 2004 W3C Patent Policy. W3C maintains a public list of any patent disclosures made in connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes instructions for disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains Essential Claim(s) must disclose the information in accordance with section 6 of the W3C Patent Policy. Daftar Isi - 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Background
- 1.2 Audience
- 1.3 Scope
- 1.4 History
- 1.5 Design notes
- 1.5.1 Serializability of script execution
- 1.5.2 Compliance with other specifications
- 1.6 HTML vs XHTML
- 1.7 Structure of this specification
- 1.7.1 How to read this specification
- 1.7.2 Typographic conventions
- 1.8 Privacy concerns
- 1.9 A quick introduction to HTML
- 1.9.1 Writing secure applications with HTML
- 1.9.2 Common pitfalls to avoid when using the scripting APIs
- 1.10 Conformance requirements for authors
- 1.10.1 Presentational markup
- 1.10.2 Syntax errors
- 1.10.3 Restrictions on content models and on attribute values
- 1.11 Suggested reading
- 2 Common infrastructure
- 2.1 Terminology
- 2.1.1 Resources
- 2.1.2 XML
- 2.1.3 DOM trees
- 2.1.4 Scripting
- 2.1.5 Plugins
- 2.1.6 Character encodings
- 2.2 Conformance requirements
- 2.2.1 Conformance classes
- 2.2.2 Dependencies
- 2.2.3 Extensibility
- 2.3 Case-sensitivity and string comparison
- 2.4 UTF-8
- 2.5 Common microsyntaxes
- 2.5.1 Common parser idioms
- 2.5.2 Boolean attributes
- 2.5.3 Keywords and enumerated attributes
- 2.5.4 Numbers
- 2.5.4.1 Signed integers
- 2.5.4.2 Non-negative integers
- 2.5.4.3 Floating-point numbers
- 2.5.4.4 Percentages and lengths
- 2.5.4.5 Lists of integers
- 2.5.4.6 Lists of dimensions
- 2.5.5 Dates and times
- 2.5.5.1 Months
- 2.5.5.2 Dates
- 2.5.5.3 Yearless dates
- 2.5.5.4 Times
- 2.5.5.5 Local dates and times
- 2.5.5.6 Time zones
- 2.5.5.7 Global dates and times
- 2.5.5.8 Weeks
- 2.5.5.9 Durations
- 2.5.5.10 Vaguer moments in time
- 2.5.6 Colors
- 2.5.7 Space-separated tokens
- 2.5.8 Comma-separated tokens
- 2.5.9 References
- 2.5.10 Media queries
- 2.6 URLs
- 2.6.1 Terminology
- 2.6.2 Parsing URLs
- 2.6.3 Base URLs
- 2.6.4 Resolving URLs
- 2.6.5 URL manipulation and creation
- 2.6.6 Dynamic changes to base URLs
- 2.6.7 Interfaces for URL manipulation
- 2.7 Fetching resources
- 2.7.1 Terminology
- 2.7.2 Processing model
- 2.7.3 Encrypted HTTP and related security concerns
- 2.7.4 Determining the type of a resource
- 2.7.5 Extracting character encodings from
meta elements - 2.7.6 CORS settings attributes
- 2.7.7 CORS-enabled fetch
- 2.8 Common DOM interfaces
- 2.8.1 Reflecting content attributes in IDL attributes
- 2.8.2 Collections
- 2.8.2.1 HTMLAllCollection
- 2.8.2.2 HTMLFormControlsCollection
- 2.8.2.3 HTMLOptionsCollection
- 2.8.3 DOMStringMap
- 2.8.4 Transferable objects
- 2.8.5 Safe passing of structured data
- 2.8.6 DOM feature strings
- 2.8.7 Garbage collection
- 2.9 Namespaces
- 3 Semantics, structure, and APIs of HTML documents
- 3.1 Documents
- 3.1.1 The
Document object - 3.1.2 Security
- 3.1.3 Resource metadata management
- 3.1.4 DOM tree accessors
- 3.1.5 Loading XML documents
- 3.2 Elements
- 3.2.1 Semantics
- 3.2.2 Elements in the DOM
- 3.2.3 Global attributes
- 3.2.3.1 The
id attribute - 3.2.3.2 The
title attribute - 3.2.3.3 The
lang and xml:lang attributes - 3.2.3.4 The
translate attribute - 3.2.3.5 The
xml:base attribute (XML only) - 3.2.3.6 The
dir attribute - 3.2.3.7 The
class attribute - 3.2.3.8 The
style attribute - 3.2.3.9 Embedding custom non-visible data with the
data-* attributes - 3.2.4 Element definitions
- 3.2.4.1 Attributes
- 3.2.5 Content models
- 3.2.5.1 Kinds of content
- 3.2.5.1.1 Metadata content
- 3.2.5.1.2 Flow content
- 3.2.5.1.3 Sectioning content
- 3.2.5.1.4 Heading content
- 3.2.5.1.5 Phrasing content
- 3.2.5.1.6 Embedded content
- 3.2.5.1.7 Interactive content
- 3.2.5.1.8 Palpable content
- 3.2.5.2 Transparent content models
- 3.2.5.3 Paragraphs
- 3.2.6 Requirements relating to bidirectional-algorithm formatting characters
- 3.2.7 WAI-ARIA
- 3.2.7.1 ARIA Role Attribute
- 3.2.7.2 State and Property Attributes
- 3.2.7.3 Strong Native Semantics
- 3.2.7.4 Implicit ARIA Semantics
- 3.3 Interactions with XPath and XSLT
- 3.4 Dynamic markup insertion
- 3.4.1 Opening the input stream
- 3.4.2 Closing the input stream
- 3.4.3
document.write() - 3.4.4
document.writeln() - 4 The elements of HTML
- 4.1 The root element
- 4.1.1 The
html element - 4.2 Document metadata
- 4.2.1 The
head element - 4.2.2 The
title element - 4.2.3 The
base element - 4.2.4 The
link element - 4.2.5 The
meta element - 4.2.5.1 Standard metadata names
- 4.2.5.2 Other metadata names
- 4.2.5.3 Pragma directives
- 4.2.5.4 Other pragma directives
- 4.2.5.5 Specifying the document's character encoding
- 4.2.6 The
style element - 4.2.7 Styling
- 4.3 Scripting
- 4.3.1 The
script element - 4.3.1.1 Scripting languages
- 4.3.1.2 Restrictions for contents of
script elements - 4.3.1.3 Inline documentation for external scripts
- 4.3.1.4 Interaction of
script elements and XSLT - 4.3.2 The
noscript element - 4.4 Sections
- 4.4.1 The
body element - 4.4.2 The
article element - 4.4.3 The
section element - 4.4.4 The
nav element - 4.4.5 The
aside element - 4.4.6 The
h1 , h2 , h3 , h4 , h5 , and h6 elements - 4.4.7 The
hgroup element - 4.4.8 The
header element - 4.4.9 The
footer element - 4.4.10 The
address element - 4.4.11 Headings and sections
- 4.4.11.1 Creating an outline
- 4.4.12 Usage summary
- 4.5 Grouping content
- 4.5.1 The
p element - 4.5.2 The
hr element - 4.5.3 The
pre element - 4.5.4 The
blockquote element - 4.5.5 The
ol element - 4.5.6 The
ul element - 4.5.7 The
li element - 4.5.8 The
dl element - 4.5.9 The
dt element - 4.5.10 The
dd element - 4.5.11 The
figure element - 4.5.12 The
figcaption element - 4.5.13 The
div element - 4.6 Text-level semantics
- 4.6.1 The
a element - 4.6.2 The
em element - 4.6.3 The
strong element - 4.6.4 The
small element - 4.6.5 The
s element - 4.6.6 The
cite element - 4.6.7 The
q element - 4.6.8 The
dfn element - 4.6.9 The
abbr element - 4.6.10 The
time element - 4.6.11 The
code element - 4.6.12 The
var element - 4.6.13 The
samp element - 4.6.14 The
kbd element - 4.6.15 The
sub and sup elements - 4.6.16 The
i element - 4.6.17 The
b element - 4.6.18 The
u element - 4.6.19 The
mark element - 4.6.20 The
ruby element - 4.6.21 The
rt element - 4.6.22 The
rp element - 4.6.23 The
bdi element - 4.6.24 The
bdo element - 4.6.25 The
span element - 4.6.26 The
br element - 4.6.27 The
wbr element - 4.6.28 Usage summary
- 4.7 Edits
- 4.7.1 The
ins element - 4.7.2 The
del element - 4.7.3 Attributes common to
ins and del elements - 4.7.4 Edits and paragraphs
- 4.7.5 Edits and lists
- 4.7.6 Edits and tables
- 4.8 Embedded content
- 4.8.1 The
img element - 4.8.1.1 Requirements for providing text to act as an alternative for images
- 4.8.1.1.1 General guidelines
- 4.8.1.1.2 A link or button containing nothing but the image
- 4.8.1.1.3 A phrase or paragraph with an alternative graphical representation: charts, diagrams, graphs, maps, illustrations
- 4.8.1.1.4 A short phrase or label with an alternative graphical representation: icons, logos
- 4.8.1.1.5 Text that has been rendered to a graphic for typographical effect
- 4.8.1.1.6 A graphical representation of some of the surrounding text
- 4.8.1.1.7 A purely decorative image that doesn't add any information
- 4.8.1.1.8 A group of images that form a single larger picture with no links
- 4.8.1.1.9 A group of images that form a single larger picture with links
- 4.8.1.1.10 A key part of the content
- 4.8.1.1.11 An image not intended for the user
- 4.8.1.1.12 Guidance for markup generators
- 4.8.1.1.13 Guidance for conformance checkers
- 4.8.2 The
iframe element - 4.8.3 The
embed element - 4.8.4 The
object element - 4.8.5 The
param element - 4.8.6 The
video element - 4.8.7 The
audio element - 4.8.8 The
source element - 4.8.9 The
track element - 4.8.10 Media elements
- 4.8.10.1 Error codes
- 4.8.10.2 Location of the media resource
- 4.8.10.3 MIME types
- 4.8.10.4 Network states
- 4.8.10.5 Loading the media resource
- 4.8.10.6 Offsets into the media resource
- 4.8.10.7 Ready states
- 4.8.10.8 Playing the media resource
- 4.8.10.9 Seeking
- 4.8.10.10 Media resources with multiple media tracks
- 4.8.10.10.1
AudioTrackList and VideoTrackList objects - 4.8.10.10.2 Selecting specific audio and video tracks declaratively
- 4.8.10.11 Synchronising multiple media elements
- 4.8.10.11.1 Introduction
- 4.8.10.11.2 Media controllers
- 4.8.10.11.3 Assigning a media controller declaratively
- 4.8.10.12 Timed text tracks
- 4.8.10.12.1 Text track model
- 4.8.10.12.2 Sourcing in-band text tracks
- 4.8.10.12.3 Sourcing out-of-band text tracks
- 4.8.10.12.4 Guidelines for exposing cues in various formats as text track cues
- 4.8.10.12.5 Text track API
- 4.8.10.12.6 Text tracks describing chapters
- 4.8.10.12.7 Event definitions
- 4.8.10.13 User interface
- 4.8.10.14 Time ranges
- 4.8.10.15 Event definitions
- 4.8.10.16 Event summary
- 4.8.10.17 Security and privacy considerations
- 4.8.10.18 Best practices for authors using media elements
- 4.8.10.19 Best practices for implementors of media elements
- 4.8.11 The
canvas element - 4.8.11.1 Color spaces and color correction
- 4.8.11.2 Security with
canvas elements - 4.8.12 The
map element - 4.8.13 The
area element - 4.8.14 Image maps
- 4.8.14.1 Authoring
- 4.8.14.2 Processing model
- 4.8.15 MathML
- 4.8.16 SVG
- 4.8.17 Dimension attributes
- 4.9 Tabular data
- 4.9.1 The
table element - 4.9.1.1 Techniques for describing tables
- 4.9.1.2 Techniques for table layout
- 4.9.2 The
caption element - 4.9.3 The
colgroup element - 4.9.4 The
col element - 4.9.5 The
tbody element - 4.9.6 The
thead element - 4.9.7 The
tfoot element - 4.9.8 The
tr element - 4.9.9 The
td element - 4.9.10 The
th element - 4.9.11 Attributes common to
td and th elements - 4.9.12 Processing model
- 4.9.12.1 Forming a table
- 4.9.12.2 Forming relationships between data cells and header cells
- 4.9.13 Examples
- 4.10 Forms
- 4.10.1 Introduction
- 4.10.1.1 Writing a form's user interface
- 4.10.1.2 Implementing the server-side processing for a form
- 4.10.1.3 Configuring a form to communicate with a server
- 4.10.1.4 Client-side form validation
- 4.10.1.5 Enabling client-side automatic filling of form controls
- 4.10.1.6 Improving the user experience on mobile devices
- 4.10.1.7 The difference between the field type, the autofill field name, and the input modality
- 4.10.1.8 Date, time, and number formats
- 4.10.2 Categories
- 4.10.3 The
form element - 4.10.4 The
fieldset element - 4.10.5 The
legend element - 4.10.6 The
label element - 4.10.7 The
input element - 4.10.7.1 States of the
type attribute - 4.10.7.1.1 Hidden state (
type=hidden ) - 4.10.7.1.2 Text (
type=text ) state and Search state (type=search ) - 4.10.7.1.3 Telephone state (
type=tel ) - 4.10.7.1.4 URL state (
type=url ) - 4.10.7.1.5 E-mail state (
type=email ) - 4.10.7.1.6 Password state (
type=password ) - 4.10.7.1.7 Date and Time state (
type=datetime ) - 4.10.7.1.8 Date state (
type=date ) - 4.10.7.1.9 Month state (
type=month ) - 4.10.7.1.10 Week state (
type=week ) - 4.10.7.1.11 Time state (
type=time ) - 4.10.7.1.12 Local Date and Time state (
type=datetime-local ) - 4.10.7.1.13 Number state (
type=number ) - 4.10.7.1.14 Range state (
type=range ) - 4.10.7.1.15 Color state (
type=color ) - 4.10.7.1.16 Checkbox state (
type=checkbox ) - 4.10.7.1.17 Radio Button state (
type=radio ) - 4.10.7.1.18 File Upload state (
type=file ) - 4.10.7.1.19 Submit Button state (
type=submit ) - 4.10.7.1.20 Image Button state (
type=image ) - 4.10.7.1.21 Reset Button state (
type=reset ) - 4.10.7.1.22 Button state (
type=button ) - 4.10.7.2 Implemention notes regarding localization of form controls
- 4.10.7.3 Common
input element attributes - 4.10.7.3.1 The
maxlength attribute - 4.10.7.3.2 The
size attribute - 4.10.7.3.3 The
readonly attribute - 4.10.7.3.4 The
required attribute - 4.10.7.3.5 The
multiple attribute - 4.10.7.3.6 The
pattern attribute - 4.10.7.3.7 The
min and max attributes - 4.10.7.3.8 The
step attribute - 4.10.7.3.9 The
list attribute - 4.10.7.3.10 The
placeholder attribute - 4.10.7.4 Common
input element APIs - 4.10.7.5 Common event behaviors
- 4.10.8 The
button element - 4.10.9 The
select element - 4.10.10 The
datalist element - 4.10.11 The
optgroup element - 4.10.12 The
option element - 4.10.13 The
textarea element - 4.10.14 The
keygen element - 4.10.15 The
output element - 4.10.16 The
progress element - 4.10.17 The
meter element - 4.10.18 Form control infrastructure
- 4.10.18.1 A form control's value
- 4.10.18.2 Mutability
- 4.10.18.3 Association of controls and forms
- 4.10.19 Attributes common to form controls
- 4.10.19.1 Naming form controls: the
name attribute - 4.10.19.2 Submitting element directionality: the
dirname attribute - 4.10.19.3 Limiting user input length: the
maxlength attribute - 4.10.19.4 Enabling and disabling form controls: the
disabled attribute - 4.10.19.5 Form submission
- 4.10.19.6 Autofocusing a form control: the
autofocus attribute - 4.10.19.7 Input modalities: the
inputmode attribute - 4.10.19.8 Autofilling form controls: the
autocomplete attribute - 4.10.20 APIs for the text field selections
- 4.10.21 Constraints
- 4.10.21.1 Definitions
- 4.10.21.2 Constraint validation
- 4.10.21.3 The constraint validation API
- 4.10.21.4 Security
- 4.10.22 Form submission
- 4.10.22.1 Introduction
- 4.10.22.2 Implicit submission
- 4.10.22.3 Form submission algorithm
- 4.10.22.4 Constructing the form data set
- 4.10.22.5 URL-encoded form data
- 4.10.22.6 Multipart form data
- 4.10.22.7 Plain text form data
- 4.10.23 Resetting a form
- 4.11 Interactive elements
- 4.11.1 The
details element - 4.11.2 The
summary element - 4.11.3 The
command element - 4.11.4 The
menu element - 4.11.4.1 Introduction
- 4.11.4.2 Building menus and toolbars
- 4.11.4.3 Context menus
- 4.11.4.4 Toolbars
- 4.11.5 Commands
- 4.11.5.1 Using the
a element to define a command - 4.11.5.2 Using the
button element to define a command - 4.11.5.3 Using the
input element to define a command - 4.11.5.4 Using the
option element to define a command - 4.11.5.5 Using the
command element to define a command - 4.11.5.6 Using the
command attribute on command elements to define a command indirectly - 4.11.5.7 Using the
accesskey attribute on a label element to define a command - 4.11.5.8 Using the
accesskey attribute on a legend element to define a command - 4.11.5.9 Using the
accesskey attribute to define a command on other elements - 4.11.6 The
dialog element - 4.11.6.1 Anchor points
- 4.12 Links
- 4.12.1 Introduction
- 4.12.2 Links created by
a and area elements - 4.12.3 Following hyperlinks
- 4.12.4 Downloading resources
- 4.12.4.1 Hyperlink auditing
- 4.12.5 Link types
- 4.12.5.1 Link type "
alternate " - 4.12.5.2 Link type "
author " - 4.12.5.3 Link type "
bookmark " - 4.12.5.4 Link type "
help " - 4.12.5.5 Link type "
icon " - 4.12.5.6 Link type "
license " - 4.12.5.7 Link type "
nofollow " - 4.12.5.8 Link type "
noreferrer " - 4.12.5.9 Link type "
prefetch " - 4.12.5.10 Link type "
search " - 4.12.5.11 Link type "
stylesheet " - 4.12.5.12 Link type "
tag " - 4.12.5.13 Sequential link types
- 4.12.5.13.1 Link type "
next " - 4.12.5.13.2 Link type "
prev " - 4.12.5.14 Other link types
- 4.13 Common idioms without dedicated elements
- 4.13.1 The main part of the content
- 4.13.2 Bread crumb navigation
- 4.13.3 Tag clouds
- 4.13.4 Conversations
- 4.13.5 Footnotes
- 4.14 Disabled elements
- 4.15 Matching HTML elements using selectors
- 4.15.1 Case-sensitivity
- 4.15.2 Pseudo-classes
- 5 Loading Web pages
- 5.1 Browsing contexts
- 5.1.1 Nested browsing contexts
- 5.1.1.1 Navigating nested browsing contexts in the DOM
- 5.1.2 Auxiliary browsing contexts
- 5.1.2.1 Navigating auxiliary browsing contexts in the DOM
- 5.1.3 Secondary browsing contexts
- 5.1.4 Security
- 5.1.5 Groupings of browsing contexts
- 5.1.6 Browsing context names
- 5.2 The
Window object - 5.2.1 Security
- 5.2.2 APIs for creating and navigating browsing contexts by name
- 5.2.3 Accessing other browsing contexts
- 5.2.4 Named access on the
Window object - 5.2.5 Garbage collection and browsing contexts
- 5.2.6 Closing browsing contexts
- 5.2.7 Browser interface elements
- 5.2.8 The
WindowProxy object - 5.3 Origin
- 5.3.1 Relaxing the same-origin restriction
- 5.4 Sandboxing
- 5.5 Session history and navigation
- 5.5.1 The session history of browsing contexts
- 5.5.2 The
History interface - 5.5.3 The
Location interface - 5.5.3.1 Security
- 5.5.4 Implementation notes for session history
- 5.6 Browsing the Web
- 5.6.1 Navigating across documents
- 5.6.2 Page load processing model for HTML files
- 5.6.3 Page load processing model for XML files
- 5.6.4 Page load processing model for text files
- 5.6.5 Page load processing model for
multipart/x-mixed-replace resources - 5.6.6 Page load processing model for media
- 5.6.7 Page load processing model for content that uses plugins
- 5.6.8 Page load processing model for inline content that doesn't have a DOM
- 5.6.9 Navigating to a fragment identifier
- 5.6.10 History traversal
- 5.6.10.1 Event definitions
- 5.6.11 Unloading documents
- 5.6.11.1 Event definition
- 5.6.12 Aborting a document load
- 5.7 Offline Web applications
- 5.7.1 Introduction
- 5.7.1.1 Supporting offline caching for legacy applications
- 5.7.1.2 Event summary
- 5.7.2 Application caches
- 5.7.3 The cache manifest syntax
- 5.7.3.1 Some sample manifests
- 5.7.3.2 Writing cache manifests
- 5.7.3.3 Parsing cache manifests
- 5.7.4 Downloading or updating an application cache
- 5.7.5 The application cache selection algorithm
- 5.7.6 Changes to the networking model
- 5.7.7 Expiring application caches
- 5.7.8 Disk space
- 5.7.9 Application cache API
- 5.7.10 Browser state
- 6 Web application APIs
- 6.1 Scripting
- 6.1.1 Introduction
- 6.1.2 Enabling and disabling scripting
- 6.1.3 Processing model
- 6.1.3.1 Definitions
- 6.1.3.2 Calling scripts
- 6.1.3.3 Creating scripts
- 6.1.3.4 Killing scripts
- 6.1.3.5 Runtime script errors
- 6.1.3.5.1 Runtime script errors in documents
- 6.1.4 Event loops
- 6.1.4.1 Definitions
- 6.1.4.2 Processing model
- 6.1.4.3 Generic task sources
- 6.1.5 The
javascript: URL scheme - 6.1.6 Events
- 6.1.6.1 Event handlers
- 6.1.6.2 Event handlers on elements,
Document objects, and Window objects - 6.1.6.3 Event firing
- 6.1.6.4 Events and the
Window object - 6.2 Base64 utility methods
- 6.3 Timers
- 6.4 User prompts
- 6.4.1 Simple dialogs
- 6.4.2 Printing
- 6.4.3 Dialogs implemented using separate documents
- 6.5 System state and capabilities
- 6.5.1 The
Navigator object - 6.5.1.1 Client identification
- 6.5.1.2 Custom scheme and content handlers
- 6.5.1.3 Security and privacy
- 6.5.1.4 Sample user interface
- 6.5.1.5 Manually releasing the storage mutex
- 6.5.2 The
External interface - 7 User interaction
- 7.1 The
hidden attribute - 7.2 Inert subtrees
- 7.3 Activation
- 7.4 Focus
- 7.4.1 Sequential focus navigation and the
tabindex attribute - 7.4.2 Focus management
- 7.4.3 Document-level focus APIs
- 7.4.4 Element-level focus APIs
- 7.5 Assigning keyboard shortcuts
- 7.5.1 Introduction
- 7.5.2 The
accesskey attribute - 7.5.3 Processing model
- 7.6 Editing
- 7.6.1 Making document regions editable: The
contenteditable content attribute - 7.6.2 Making entire documents editable: The
designMode IDL attribute - 7.6.3 Best practices for in-page editors
- 7.6.4 Editing APIs
- 7.6.5 Spelling and grammar checking
- 7.7 Drag and drop
- 7.7.1 Introduction
- 7.7.2 The drag data store
- 7.7.3 The
DataTransfer interface - 7.7.3.1 The
DataTransferItemList interface - 7.7.3.2 The
DataTransferItem interface - 7.7.4 The
DragEvent interface - 7.7.5 Drag-and-drop processing model
- 7.7.6 Events summary
- 7.7.7 The
draggable attribute - 7.7.8 The
dropzone attribute - 7.7.9 Security risks in the drag-and-drop model
- 8 The HTML syntax
- 8.1 Writing HTML documents
- 8.1.1 The DOCTYPE
- 8.1.2 Elements
- 8.1.2.1 Start tags
- 8.1.2.2 End tags
- 8.1.2.3 Attributes
- 8.1.2.4 Optional tags
- 8.1.2.5 Restrictions on content models
- 8.1.2.6 Restrictions on the contents of raw text and RCDATA elements
- 8.1.3 Text
- 8.1.3.1 Newlines
- 8.1.4 Character references
- 8.1.5 CDATA sections
- 8.1.6 Comments
- 8.2 Parsing HTML documents
- 8.2.1 Overview of the parsing model
- 8.2.2 The input byte stream
- 8.2.2.1 Determining the character encoding
- 8.2.2.2 Character encodings
- 8.2.2.3 Changing the encoding while parsing
- 8.2.2.4 Preprocessing the input stream
- 8.2.3 Parse state
- 8.2.3.1 The insertion mode
- 8.2.3.2 The stack of open elements
- 8.2.3.3 The list of active formatting elements
- 8.2.3.4 The element pointers
- 8.2.3.5 Other parsing state flags
- 8.2.4 Tokenization
- 8.2.4.1 Data state
- 8.2.4.2 Character reference in data state
- 8.2.4.3 RCDATA state
- 8.2.4.4 Character reference in RCDATA state
- 8.2.4.5 RAWTEXT state
- 8.2.4.6 Script data state
- 8.2.4.7 PLAINTEXT state
- 8.2.4.8 Tag open state
- 8.2.4.9 End tag open state
- 8.2.4.10 Tag name state
- 8.2.4.11 RCDATA less-than sign state
- 8.2.4.12 RCDATA end tag open state
- 8.2.4.13 RCDATA end tag name state
- 8.2.4.14 RAWTEXT less-than sign state
- 8.2.4.15 RAWTEXT end tag open state
- 8.2.4.16 RAWTEXT end tag name state
- 8.2.4.17 Script data less-than sign state
- 8.2.4.18 Script data end tag open state
- 8.2.4.19 Script data end tag name state
- 8.2.4.20 Script data escape start state
- 8.2.4.21 Script data escape start dash state
- 8.2.4.22 Script data escaped state
- 8.2.4.23 Script data escaped dash state
- 8.2.4.24 Script data escaped dash dash state
- 8.2.4.25 Script data escaped less-than sign state
- 8.2.4.26 Script data escaped end tag open state
- 8.2.4.27 Script data escaped end tag name state
- 8.2.4.28 Script data double escape start state
- 8.2.4.29 Script data double escaped state
- 8.2.4.30 Script data double escaped dash state
- 8.2.4.31 Script data double escaped dash dash state
- 8.2.4.32 Script data double escaped less-than sign state
- 8.2.4.33 Script data double escape end state
- 8.2.4.34 Before attribute name state
- 8.2.4.35 Attribute name state
- 8.2.4.36 After attribute name state
- 8.2.4.37 Before attribute value state
- 8.2.4.38 Attribute value (double-quoted) state
- 8.2.4.39 Attribute value (single-quoted) state
- 8.2.4.40 Attribute value (unquoted) state
- 8.2.4.41 Character reference in attribute value state
- 8.2.4.42 After attribute value (quoted) state
- 8.2.4.43 Self-closing start tag state
- 8.2.4.44 Bogus comment state
- 8.2.4.45 Markup declaration open state
- 8.2.4.46 Comment start state
- 8.2.4.47 Comment start dash state
- 8.2.4.48 Comment state
- 8.2.4.49 Comment end dash state
- 8.2.4.50 Comment end state
- 8.2.4.51 Comment end bang state
- 8.2.4.52 DOCTYPE state
- 8.2.4.53 Before DOCTYPE name state
- 8.2.4.54 DOCTYPE name state
- 8.2.4.55 After DOCTYPE name state
- 8.2.4.56 After DOCTYPE public keyword state
- 8.2.4.57 Before DOCTYPE public identifier state
- 8.2.4.58 DOCTYPE public identifier (double-quoted) state
- 8.2.4.59 DOCTYPE public identifier (single-quoted) state
- 8.2.4.60 After DOCTYPE public identifier state
- 8.2.4.61 Between DOCTYPE public and system identifiers state
- 8.2.4.62 After DOCTYPE system keyword state
- 8.2.4.63 Before DOCTYPE system identifier state
- 8.2.4.64 DOCTYPE system identifier (double-quoted) state
- 8.2.4.65 DOCTYPE system identifier (single-quoted) state
- 8.2.4.66 After DOCTYPE system identifier state
- 8.2.4.67 Bogus DOCTYPE state
- 8.2.4.68 CDATA section state
- 8.2.4.69 Tokenizing character references
- 8.2.5 Tree construction
- 8.2.5.1 Creating and inserting elements
- 8.2.5.2 Closing elements that have implied end tags
- 8.2.5.3 Foster parenting
- 8.2.5.4 The rules for parsing tokens in HTML content
- 8.2.5.4.1 The "initial" insertion mode
- 8.2.5.4.2 The "before html" insertion mode
- 8.2.5.4.3 The "before head" insertion mode
- 8.2.5.4.4 The "in head" insertion mode
- 8.2.5.4.5 The "in head noscript" insertion mode
- 8.2.5.4.6 The "after head" insertion mode
- 8.2.5.4.7 The "in body" insertion mode
- 8.2.5.4.8 The "text" insertion mode
- 8.2.5.4.9 The "in table" insertion mode
- 8.2.5.4.10 The "in table text" insertion mode
- 8.2.5.4.11 The "in caption" insertion mode
- 8.2.5.4.12 The "in column group" insertion mode
- 8.2.5.4.13 The "in table body" insertion mode
- 8.2.5.4.14 The "in row" insertion mode
- 8.2.5.4.15 The "in cell" insertion mode
- 8.2.5.4.16 The "in select" insertion mode
- 8.2.5.4.17 The "in select in table" insertion mode
- 8.2.5.4.18 The "after body" insertion mode
- 8.2.5.4.19 The "in frameset" insertion mode
- 8.2.5.4.20 The "after frameset" insertion mode
- 8.2.5.4.21 The "after after body" insertion mode
- 8.2.5.4.22 The "after after frameset" insertion mode
- 8.2.5.5 The rules for parsing tokens in foreign content
- 8.2.6 The end
- 8.2.7 Coercing an HTML DOM into an infoset
- 8.2.8 An introduction to error handling and strange cases in the parser
- 8.2.8.1 Misnested tags:
- 8.2.8.2 Misnested tags:
- 8.2.8.3 Unexpected markup in tables
- 8.2.8.4 Scripts that modify the page as it is being parsed
- 8.2.8.5 The execution of scripts that are moving across multiple documents
- 8.2.8.6 Unclosed formatting elements
- 8.3 Serializing HTML fragments
- 8.4 Parsing HTML fragments
- 8.5 Named character references
- 9 The XHTML syntax
- 9.1 Writing XHTML documents
- 9.2 Parsing XHTML documents
- 9.3 Serializing XHTML fragments
- 9.4 Parsing XHTML fragments
- 10 Rendering
- 10.1 Introduction
- 10.2 The CSS user agent style sheet and presentational hints
- 10.3 Non-replaced elements
- 10.3.1 Hidden elements
- 10.3.2 The page
- 10.3.3 Flow content
- 10.3.4 Phrasing content
- 10.3.5 Bidirectional text
- 10.3.6 Quotes
- 10.3.7 Sections and headings
- 10.3.8 Lists
- 10.3.9 Tables
- 10.3.10 Form controls
- 10.3.11 The
hr element - 10.3.12 The
fieldset element - 10.4 Replaced elements
- 10.4.1 Embedded content
- 10.4.2 Images
- 10.4.3 Attributes for embedded content and images
- 10.4.4 Image maps
- 10.4.5 Toolbars
- 10.5 Bindings
- 10.5.1 Introduction
- 10.5.2 The
button element - 10.5.3 The
details element - 10.5.4 The
input element as a text entry widget - 10.5.5 The
input element as domain-specific widgets - 10.5.6 The
input element as a range control - 10.5.7 The
input element as a color well - 10.5.8 The
input element as a checkbox and radio button widgets - 10.5.9 The
input element as a file upload control - 10.5.10 The
input element as a button - 10.5.11 The
marquee element - 10.5.12 The
meter element - 10.5.13 The
progress element - 10.5.14 The
select element - 10.5.15 The
textarea element - 10.5.16 The
keygen element - 10.6 Frames and framesets
- 10.7 Interactive media
- 10.7.1 Links, forms, and navigation
- 10.7.2 The
title attribute - 10.7.3 Editing hosts
- 10.7.4 Text rendered in native user interfaces
- 10.8 Print media
- 10.9 Unstyled XML documents
- 11 Obsolete features
- 11.1 Obsolete but conforming features
- 11.1.1 Warnings for obsolete but conforming features
- 11.2 Non-conforming features
- 11.3 Requirements for implementations
- 11.3.1 The
applet element - 11.3.2 The
marquee element - 11.3.3 Frames
- 11.3.4 Other elements, attributes and APIs
- 12 IANA considerations
- 12.1
text/html - 12.2
multipart/x-mixed-replace - 12.3
application/xhtml+xml - 12.4
application/x-www-form-urlencoded - 12.5
text/cache-manifest - 12.6
Ping-To - 12.7
web+ scheme prefix - Index
- Elements
- Element content categories
- Attributes
- Element Interfaces
- All Interfaces
- Events
- References
- Acknowledgements
|
| |
|