The following outline is provided as an overview and guide to the variety of topics included within the subject of statistics:
Statistics pertains to the collection, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of data. It is applicable to a wide variety of academic disciplines, from the physical and social sciences to the humanities; it is also used and misused for making informed decisions in all areas of business and government.
Nature of statistics
Statistics can be described as all of the following:
- Academic discipline: one with academic departments, curricula and degrees; national and international societies; and specialized journals.
- Scientific field (a branch of science) – widely-recognized category of specialized expertise within science, and typically embodies its own terminology and nomenclature. Such a field will usually be represented by one or more scientific journals, where peer reviewed research is published.
- Formal science – branch of knowledge concerned with formal systems.
- Mathematical science – field of science that is primarily mathematical in nature but may not be universally considered subfields of mathematics proper. Statistics, for example, is mathematical in its methods but grew out of political arithmetic which merged with inverse probability and grew through applications in the social sciences and some areas of physics and biometrics to become its own separate, though closely allied, field.
History of statistics
- History of statistics
- Founders of statistics
- History of probability
- Timeline of probability and statistics
Describing data
Experiments and surveys
- Design of experiments
- Optimal design
- factorial experiment
- Restricted randomization
- Repeated measures design
- Randomized block design
- Statistical survey
- Opinion poll
Sampling
- Sampling distribution
- sampling
- Stratified sampling
- Quota sampling
- Biased sample
- Spectrum bias
- Survivorship bias
Analysing data
Filtering data
Statistical inference
Probability distributions
- Probability distribution
- Conditional probability distribution
- Probability density function
- Cumulative distribution function
- Characteristic function
Random variables
- Random variable
- Central moment
- L-moment
- Algebra of random variables
Probability theory
Computational statistics
Computational statistics –
Statistics software
Statistics organizations
- Daftar/Tabel -- academic statistical associations
- Daftar/Tabel -- national and international statistical services
Statistics publications
Persons influential in the field of statistics
See also
External links
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| | | Continuous data | | Location | - Mean (Arithmetic, Geometric, Harmonic)
- Median
- Mode
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| | | Dispersion | - Range
- Standard deviation
- Coefficient of variation
- Percentile
- Interquartile range
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| | | Shape | - Variance
- Skewness
- Kurtosis
- Moments
- L-moments
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| | | Count data | |
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| | | Summary tables | - Grouped data
- Frequency distribution
- Contingency table
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| | | Dependence | - Pearson product-moment correlation
- Rank correlation (Spearman's rho, Kendall's tau)
- Partial correlation
- Scatter plot
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| | | Statistical graphics | |
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| | | | Data collection |
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| | | Designing studies | - Effect size
- Standard error
- Statistical power
- Sample size determination
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| | | Survey methodology | - Sampling
- Stratified sampling
- Opinion poll
- Questionnaire
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| | | Controlled experiment | - Design of experiments
- Randomized experiment
- Random assignment
- Replication
- Blocking
- Factorial experiment
- Optimal design
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| | | Uncontrolled studies | - Natural experiment
- Quasi-experiment
- Observational study
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| | | | Statistical inference |
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| | | Statistical theory | - Sampling distribution
- Sufficient statistic
- Meta-analysis
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| | | Bayesian inference | - Bayesian probability
- Prior
- Posterior
- Credible interval
- Bayes factor
- Bayesian estimator
- Maximum posterior estimator
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| | | Frequentist inference | |
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| | | Specific tests | - Z-test (normal)
- Student's t-test
- F-test
- Chi-squared test
- Wald test
- Mann–Whitney U
- Shapiro–Wilk
- Signed-rank
- Kolmogorov–Smirnov test
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| | | General estimation | - Bias
- Robustness
- Efficiency
- Maximum likelihood
- Method of moments
- Minimum distance
- Density estimation
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| | | | | | | | | | Applications |
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| | | Biostatistics | |
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| | | Engineering statistics | - Chemometrics
- Methods engineering
- Probabilistic design
- Process & Quality control
- Reliability
- System identification
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| | | Social statistics | - Actuarial science
- Census
- Crime statistics
- Demography
- Econometrics
- National accounts
- Official statistics
- Population
- Psychometrics
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| | | Spatial statistics | |
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Outlines |
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| | - General reference
- Culture and the arts
- Geography and places
- Health and fitness
- History and events
- Mathematics and logic
- Natural and physical sciences
- People and self
- Philosophy and thinking
- Religion and belief systems
- Society and social sciences
- Technology and applied sciences
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