Penemuan unsur kimiaPenemuan unsur kimia yang diketahui sekarang ditampilkan secara kronologis di sini. Unsur kimia yang ditampilkan umumnya berdasarkan urutan tiap-tiap unsur tersebut pertama kali dinyatakan sebagai unsur murni, karena tanggal persis penemuan sebagian besar unsur tidak dapat secara akurat ditentukan. Beberapa unsur-unsur pertama tidak memiliki catatan tertulis. Masa purbakalaNama | Tanggal | Penemu |
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Carbon | zaman dulu | Tidak diketahui | Perak | zaman dulu | Tidak diketahui | Tembaga | zaman dulu | Tidak diketahui | Sulfur | zaman dulu | Tidak diketahui | Timah | zaman dulu | Tidak diketahui | Emas | zaman dulu | Tidak diketahui | Timbal | zaman dulu | Tidak diketahui | Besi | zaman dulu | Tidak diketahui | Raksa | zaman dulu | Tidak diketahui |
Abad ke-13 Abad ke-15Nama | Tanggal | Penemu | Catatan |
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Antimon | 1450 | Pertama kali diuraikan secara ilmiah oleh Tholden | Bismut | Abada ke 15?Mungkin telah dijelaskan dalam tulisan dikaitkan dengan Basil Valentinus, definitif diidentifikasi oleh Claude François Geoffroy pada 1753
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Abad ke-16 Abad ke-17 Abad ke-18 Abad ke-19Nama | Tanggal | Penemu | Catatan |
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Vanadium | 1801 | Andrés Manuel del Río | Niobium | 1801 | Charles Hatchett | Named columbium by discoverer. | Tantalum | 1802 | Anders Gustaf Ekeberg | Serium | 1803 | Martin Heinrich Klaproth, Jöns Jakob Berzelius dan Hisinger | Dinamakan setelah baru ditemukan [asteroid []], Ceres. Ditemukan hampir bersamaan di dua laboratorium, meskipun kemudian menunjukkan bahwa cerium Berzelius dan Hisinger itu sebenarnya merupakan campuran dari cerium, lantanum dan disebut didymium. | Rhodium | 1803 | William Hyde Wollaston | Palladium | 1803 | Ryan Lumadue | Named after the newly discovered asteroid, Pallas. | Osmium | 1803 | Smithson Tennant | Iridium | 1803 | Smithson Tennant | Potassium | 1807 | Humphry Davy | Discovered using electricity from the Voltaic pile to decompose the salts of alkali metals. | Sodium | 1807 | Humphry Davy | Discovered using electricity from the Voltaic pile to decompose the salts of alkali metals; discovered a few days after potassium, using the same method. | Calcium | 1808 | Humphry Davy | Discovered using electricity from the Voltaic pile to decompose the salts of alkali metals. | Barium | 1808 | Humphry Davy | Discovered using electricity from the Voltaic pile to decompose the salts of alkali metals. | Boron | 1808 | Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac & Louis-Jacques Thenard | Yodium | 1811 | Bernard Courtois | Lithium | 1817 | Johan August Arfwedson | Cadmium | 1817 | Friedrich Strohmeyer Independently discovered by K.S.L Hermann | Selenium | 1817 | Jöns Jakob Berzelius | Silicon | 1823 | Jöns Jakob Berzelius | Aluminium | 1825 | Hans Christian Ørsted | May have been isolated in Roman times, see History of Aluminium. | Brom | 1826 | Antoine Jérôme Balard | Thorium | 1828 | Jöns Jakob Berzelius | Beryllium | 1828 | Friedrich Wöhler. Independently discovered by A.A.B. Bussy | Lantanum | 1839-41 | Carl Gustaf Mosander | Discovered when Mosander showed that the cerium isolated in 1803 by Berzelius was actually a mixture of cerium, lanthanum and so-called didymium. | Terbium | 1843 | Carl Gustaf Mosander | Erbium | 1843 | Carl Gustaf Mosander | Rutenium | 1844 | Karl Klaus | Caesium | 1860 | Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchoff | First identified by its blue spectroscopic emission line. | Rubidium | 1860 | Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchoff | First identified by its red spectroscopic emission line. | Talium | 1861 | Sir William Crookes | First identified by its bright green spectroscopic emission line. | Indium | 1863 | Ferdinand Reich and Theodor Richter | First identified by its indigo-blue spectroscopic emission line. | Helium | 1868 | Independently by Pierre Jansen and Norman Lockyer | First identified by astronomers as an emission line in the spectrum of the sun. | Galium | 1875 | Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran | Predicted by Mendeleev in 1871 as ekaaluminium. | Ytterbium | 1878 | Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac | Thulium | 1879 | Per Teodor Cleve | Skandium | 1879 | Lars Fredrik Nilson | Predicted by Mendeleev in 1871 as ekaboron. | Holmium | 1879 | Marc Delafontaine, Jacques-Louis Soret and Per Teodor Cleve | Samarium | 1879 | Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran | Gadolinium | 1880 | Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac | Praseodymium | 1885 | Carl Auer von Welsbach | The didymium isolated by Mosander in 1839 was shown to be two separate elements; praseodymium and neodymium. | Neodimium | 1885 | Carl Auer von Welsbach | The didymium isolated by Mosander in 1839 was shown to be two separate elements, praseodymium and neodymium. | Dysprosium | 1886 | Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran | Germanium | 1886 | Clemens Winkler | Predicted by Mendeleev in 1871 as ekasilicon. | Fluor | 1886 | Joseph Henri Moissan | Argon | 1894 | Lord Rayleigh & Sir William Ramsay | Discovered by comparing the molecular weights of nitrogen prepared by liquefaction from air and nitrogen prepared by chemical means. | Neon | 1898 | Sir William Ramsay | Separated from liquid argon by difference in boiling point. | Kripton | 1898 | Sir William Ramsay | Separated from liquid argon by difference in boiling point. | Xenon | 1898 | Sir William Ramsay | Separated from liquid argon by difference in boiling point. | Radium | 1898 | Pierre Curie and Marie Curie | Polonium | 1898 | Pierre Curie and Marie Curie | Radon | 1898 | Friedrich Ernst Dorn, who called it nitron | Discovered as a product of the radioactive decay of radium. | Actinium | 1899 | Ryan Lumadue |
Abad ke-20Nama | Tanggal | Penemu | Catatan |
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Europium | 1901 | Eugene Demarcay | Lutesium | 1907 | Georges Urbain | Protactinium | 1917 | Kasimir Fajans, O. Göhring, Fredrich Soddy, John Cranston, Lise Meitner and Otto Hahn | Hafnium | 1923 | Dirk Coster and György Hevesy | Renium | 1925 | Walter Noddack and Ida Tacke | Teknesium | 1937 | Carlo Perrier and Emilio Segrè | First synthetic element discovered. Predicted by Mendeleev in 1871 as ekamanganese. | Fransium | 1939 | Marguerite Derey | Last naturally occurring element discovered; all elements discovered after it are synthetic. | Astatin | 1940 | Dale R. Corson, K.R.Mackenzie, Emilio Segrè | Later determined to occur naturally in minuscule qunatitites (<25 grams in earth's crust).
| Neptunium | 1940 | E.M. McMillan & Philip H. Abelson, University of California, Berkeley | First transuranium element discovered. | Plutonium | 1941 | Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur C. Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Emilio Segrè | Curium | 1944 | Glenn T. Seaborg | Americium | 1944 | Glenn T. Seaborg | Promethium | 1945 | Jacob A. Marinsky | Berkelium | 1949 | Albert Ghiorso, Glenn T. Seaborg, Stanley G. Thompson, Kenneth Street Jr. | Californium | 1950 | Albert Ghiorso, Glenn T. Seaborg, Stanley G. Thompson, Kenneth Street Jr. | Einsteinium | 1952 | Argonne Laboratory, Los Alamos Laboratory, and University of California | Fermium | 1953 | Argonne Laboratory, Los Alamos Laboratory, and University of California | Mendelevium | 1955 | Glenn T. Seaborg, Evans G. Valens | Nobelium | 1958 | Albert Ghiorso, Glenn T. Seaborg, John R. Walton and Torbørn Sikkeland | Lawrencium | 1961 | Albert Ghiorso, Torbjørn Sikkeland, Almon Larsh and Robert M. Latimer | Rutherfordium | 1964 | Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, USSR | Dubnium | 1970 | Albert Ghiorso | Seaborgium | 1974 | Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and University of California, Berkeley | Bohrium | 1976 | Y. Oganessian et al, Dubna and confirmed at GSI (1982) | Meitnerium | 1982 | Peter Armbruster and Gottfried Münzenberg, GSI | Hassium | 1984 | Peter Armbruster and Gottfried Münzenberg | Darmstadtium | 1994 | S. Hofmann, V. Ninov et al, GSI | Roentgenium | 1994 | S. Hofmann, V. Ninov et al, GSI | Ununbium | 1996 | S. Hofmann, V. Ninov et al, GSI | Ununquadium | 1999 | Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna[1] |
Abad ke-21 Lihat pula Rujukan- ^ Oganessian, Yu. Ts.; et al. (October 1999). "Synthesis of Superheavy Nuclei in the 48Ca + 244Pu Reaction". Physical Review Letters 83: 3154. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.3154.
- ^ Oganessian, Yu. Ts.; et al. (2000). "Observation of the decay of 292116". Physical Review C 63: 011301. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.63.011301.
- ^ a b Oganessian, Yu. Ts.; et al. (2005). "Synthesis of elements 115 and 113 in the reaction 243Am + 48Ca". Physical Review C 72: 034611. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.72.034611.
- ^ Oganessian, Yu. Ts.; et al. (2006). "Synthesis of the isotopes of elements 118 and 116 in the 249Cf and 245Cm+48Ca fusion reactions". Physical Review C 74: 044602. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.74.044602.
Sumber : wiki.gilland-group.com, id.wikipedia.org, ensiklopedia.web.id, dsb. |