This is a ported perl for the POSIX subsystem in BS2000 VERSION OSDV3.1A or later. It may work on other versions, but we started portingand testing it with 3.1A and are currently using Version V4.0A.

You may need the following GNU programs in order to install perl:

gzip on BS2000

We used version 1.2.4, which could be installed out of the box withone failure during 'make check'.

bison on BS2000

The yacc coming with BS2000 POSIX didn't work for us. So we had touse bison. We had to make a few changes to perl in order to use thepure (reentrant) parser of bison. We used version 1.25, but we had toadd a few changes due to EBCDIC. See below for more detailsconcerning yacc.

Unpacking Perl Distribution on BS2000

To extract an ASCII tar archive on BS2000 POSIX you need an ASCIIfilesystem (we used the mountpoint /usr/local/ascii for this). Nowyou extract the archive in the ASCII filesystem withoutI/O-conversion:

cd /usr/local/asciiexport IO_CONVERSION=NOgunzip < /usr/local/src/perl.tar.gz | pax -r

You may ignore the error message for the first element of the archive(this doesn't look like a tar archive / skipping to next file...),it's only the directory which will be created automatically anyway.

After extracting the archive you copy the whole directory tree to yourEBCDIC filesystem. This time you use I/O-conversion:

cd /usr/local/srcIO_CONVERSION=YEScp -r /usr/local/ascii/perl5.005_02 ./

Compiling Perl on BS2000

There is a "hints" file for BS2000 called hints.posix-bc (becauseposix-bc is the OS name given by `uname`) that specifies the correctvalues for most things. The major problem is (of course) the EBCDICcharacter set. We have german EBCDIC version.

Because of our problems with the native yacc we used GNU bison togenerate a pure (=reentrant) parser for perly.y. So our yacc isreally the following script:

-----8<-----/usr/local/bin/yacc-----8<-----#! /usr/bin/sh

# Bison as a reentrant yacc:

# save parameters:params=""while [[ $# -gt 1 ]]; do params="$params $1" shiftdone

# add flag %pure_parser:

tmpfile=/tmp/bison.$$.yecho %pure_parser > $tmpfilecat $1>> $tmpfile

# call bison:

echo "/usr/local/bin/bison --yacc $params $1\t\t\t(Pure Parser)"/usr/local/bin/bison --yacc $params $tmpfile

# cleanup:

rm -f $tmpfile-----8<----------8<-----

We still use the normal yacc for a2p.y though!!! We made a softlinkcalled byacc to distinguish between the two versions:

ln -s /usr/bin/yacc /usr/local/bin/byacc

We build perl using GNU make. We tried the native make once and itworked too.

Testing Perl on BS2000

We still got a few errors during make test. Some of them are theresult of using bison. Bison prints parser error instead of syntaxerror, so we may ignore them. The following list showsour errors, your results may differ:

op/numconvert.......FAILED tests 1409-1440op/regexp...........FAILED tests 483, 496op/regexp_noamp.....FAILED tests 483, 496pragma/overload.....FAILED tests 152-153, 170-171pragma/warnings.....FAILED tests 14, 82, 129, 155, 192, 205, 207lib/bigfloat........FAILED tests 351-352, 355lib/bigfltpm........FAILED tests 354-355, 358lib/complex.........FAILED tests 267, 487lib/dumper..........FAILED tests 43, 45Failed 11/231 test scripts, 95.24% okay. 57/10595 subtests failed, 99.46% okay.

Installing Perl on BS2000

We have no nroff on BS2000 POSIX (yet), so we ignored any errors whileinstalling the documentation.

Using Perl in the Posix-Shell of BS2000

BS2000 POSIX doesn't support the shebang notation(#!/usr/local/bin/perl), so you have to use the following linesinstead:

: # use perl eval 'exec /usr/local/bin/perl -S $0 ${1+"$@"}' if $running_under_some_shell;

Using Perl in "native" BS2000

We don't have much experience with this yet, but try the following:

Copy your Perl executable to a BS2000 LLM using bs2cp:

bs2cp /usr/local/bin/perl 'bs2:perl(perl,l)'

Now you can start it with the following (SDF) command:

/START-PROG FROM-FILE=*MODULE(PERL,PERL),PROG-MODE=*ANY,RUN-MODE=*ADV

First you get the BS2000 commandline prompt ('*'). Here you may enteryour parameters, e.g. -e 'print "Hello World!\n"' (note thedouble backslash!) or -w and the name of your Perl script.Filenames starting with / are searched in the Posix filesystem,others are searched in the BS2000 filesystem. You may even usewildcards if you put a % in front of your filename (e.g. -wcheckfiles.pl %*.c). Read your C/C++ manual for additionalpossibilities of the commandline prompt (look forPARAMETER-PROMPTING).

Floating point anomalies on BS2000

There appears to be a bug in the floating point implementation on BS2000 POSIXsystems such that calling int() on the product of a number and a smallmagnitude number is not the same as calling int() on the quotient ofthat number and a large magnitude number. For example, in the followingPerl code:

 my $x = 100000.0;
  my $y = int($x * 1e-5) * 1e5; # '0'
  my $z = int($x / 1e+5) * 1e5;  # '100000'
  print "\$y is $y and \$z is $z\n"; # $y is 0 and $z is 100000

Although one would expect the quantities $y and $z to be the same and equalto 100000 they will differ and instead will be 0 and 100000 respectively.

Using PerlIO and different encodings on ASCII and EBCDIC partitions

Since version 5.8 Perl uses the new PerlIO on BS2000. This enablesyou using different encodings per IO channel. For example you may use

 use Encode;
  open($f, ">:encoding(ascii)", "test.ascii");
  print $f "Hello World!\n";
  open($f, ">:encoding(posix-bc)", "test.ebcdic");
  print $f "Hello World!\n";
  open($f, ">:encoding(latin1)", "test.latin1");
  print $f "Hello World!\n";
  open($f, ">:encoding(utf8)", "test.utf8");
  print $f "Hello World!\n";

to get two files containing "Hello World!\n" in ASCII, EBCDIC, ISOLatin-1 (in this example identical to ASCII) respective UTF-EBCDIC (inthis example identical to normal EBCDIC). See the documentation ofEncode::PerlIO for details.

As the PerlIO layer uses raw IO internally, all this totally ignoresthe type of your filesystem (ASCII or EBCDIC) and the IO_CONVERSIONenvironment variable. If you want to get the old behavior, that theBS2000 IO functions determine conversion depending on the filesystemPerlIO still is your friend. You use IO_CONVERSION as usual and tellPerl, that it should use the native IO layer:

 export IO_CONVERSION=YES
  export PERLIO=stdio

Now your IO would be ASCII on ASCII partitions and EBCDIC on EBCDICpartitions. See the documentation of PerlIO (without Encode::!)for further possibilities.

AUTHORS

Thomas Dorner

HISTORY

This document was originally written by Thomas Dorner for the 5.005release of Perl.

This document was podified for the 5.6 release of perl 11 July 2000.

Page index

NAME
SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
AUTHORS
SEE ALSO
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HISTORY

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