Many modules are included in the Perl distribution. These are describedbelow, and all end in .pm. You may discover compiled libraryfiles (usually ending in .so) or small pieces of modules to beautoloaded (ending in .al); these were automatically generatedby the installation process. You may also discover files in thelibrary directory that end in either .pl or .ph. These areold libraries supplied so that old programs that use them stillrun. The .pl files will all eventually be converted into standardmodules, and the .ph files made by h2ph will probably end upas extension modules made by h2xs. (Some .ph values mayalready be available through the POSIX, Errno, or Fcntl modules.)The pl2pm file in the distribution may help in your conversion,but it's just a mechanical process and therefore far from bulletproof.
They work somewhat like compiler directives (pragmata) in that theytend to affect the compilation of your program, and thus will usuallywork well only when used within a use
, or no
. Most of theseare lexically scoped, so an inner BLOCK may countermand themby saying:
which lasts until the end of that BLOCK.
The following pragmas are defined (and have their own documentation).
Standard, bundled modules are all expected to behave in a well-definedmanner with respect to namespace pollution because they use theExporter module. See their own documentation for details.
It's possible that not all modules listed below are installed on yoursystem. For example, the GDBM_File module will not be installed if youdon't have the gdbm library.
- AnyDBM_File
Provide framework for multiple DBMs
- App::Cpan
Easily interact with CPAN from the command line
- App::Prove
Implements the prove
command.
- App::Prove::State
State storage for the prove
command.
- App::Prove::State::Result
Individual test suite results.
- App::Prove::State::Result::Test
Individual test results.
- Archive::Extract
A generic archive extracting mechanism
- Archive::Tar
Module for manipulations of tar archives
- Archive::Tar::File
A subclass for in-memory extracted file from Archive::Tar
- Attribute::Handlers
Simpler definition of attribute handlers
- AutoLoader
Load subroutines only on demand
- AutoSplit
Split a package for autoloading
- B
The Perl Compiler Backend
- B::Concise
Walk Perl syntax tree, printing concise info about ops
- B::Debug
Walk Perl syntax tree, printing debug info about ops
- B::Deparse
Perl compiler backend to produce perl code
- B::Lint
Perl lint
- B::Lint::Debug
Adds debugging stringification to B::
- B::Showlex
Show lexical variables used in functions or files
- B::Terse
Walk Perl syntax tree, printing terse info about ops
- B::Xref
Generates cross reference reports for Perl programs
- Benchmark
Benchmark running times of Perl code
Socket
Networking constants and support functions
- CGI
Handle Common Gateway Interface requests and responses
- CGI::Apache
Backward compatibility module for CGI.pm
- CGI::Carp
CGI routines for writing to the HTTPD (or other) error log
- CGI::Cookie
Interface to HTTP Cookies
- CGI::Fast
CGI Interface for Fast CGI
- CGI::Pretty
Module to produce nicely formatted HTML code
- CGI::Push
Simple Interface to Server Push
- CGI::Switch
Backward compatibility module for defunct CGI::Switch
- CGI::Util
Internal utilities used by CGI module
- CORE
Namespace for Perl's core routines
- CPAN
Query, download and build perl modules from CPAN sites
- CPAN::API::HOWTO
A recipe book for programming with CPAN.pm
- CPAN::Distroprefs
Read and match distroprefs
- CPAN::FirstTime
Utility for CPAN::Config file Initialization
- CPAN::Kwalify
Interface between CPAN.pm and Kwalify.pm
- CPAN::Meta
The distribution metadata for a CPAN dist
- CPAN::Meta::Converter
Convert CPAN distribution metadata structures
- CPAN::Meta::Feature
An optional feature provided by a CPAN distribution
- CPAN::Meta::History
History of CPAN Meta Spec changes
- CPAN::Meta::Prereqs
A set of distribution prerequisites by phase and type
- CPAN::Meta::Requirements
A set of version requirements for a CPAN dist
- CPAN::Meta::Spec
Specification for CPAN distribution metadata
- CPAN::Meta::Validator
Validate CPAN distribution metadata structures
- CPAN::Meta::YAML
Read and write a subset of YAML for CPAN Meta files
- CPAN::Nox
Wrapper around CPAN.pm without using any XS module
- CPAN::Version
Utility functions to compare CPAN versions
- CPANPLUS
API & CLI access to the CPAN mirrors
- CPANPLUS::Backend
Programmer's interface to CPANPLUS
- CPANPLUS::Backend::RV
Return value objects
- CPANPLUS::Config
Configuration defaults and heuristics for CPANPLUS
- CPANPLUS::Configure
Configuration for CPANPLUS
- CPANPLUS::Dist
Base class for plugins
- CPANPLUS::Dist::Autobundle
Distribution class for installation snapshots
- CPANPLUS::Dist::Base
Base class for custom distribution classes
- CPANPLUS::Dist::Build
CPANPLUS plugin to install packages that use Build.PL
- CPANPLUS::Dist::Build::Constants
Constants for CPANPLUS::Dist::Build
- CPANPLUS::Dist::MM
Distribution class for MakeMaker related modules
- CPANPLUS::Dist::Sample
Sample code to create your own Dist::* plugin
- CPANPLUS::Error
Error handling for CPANPLUS
- CPANPLUS::FAQ
CPANPLUS Frequently Asked Questions
- CPANPLUS::Hacking
Developing CPANPLUS
- CPANPLUS::Internals
CPANPLUS internals
- CPANPLUS::Internals::Extract
Internals for archive extraction
- CPANPLUS::Internals::Fetch
Internals for fetching files
- CPANPLUS::Internals::Report
Internals for sending test reports
- CPANPLUS::Internals::Search
Internals for searching for modules
- CPANPLUS::Internals::Source
Internals for updating source files
- CPANPLUS::Internals::Source::Memory
In memory implementation
- CPANPLUS::Internals::Source::SQLite
SQLite implementation
- CPANPLUS::Internals::Utils
Convenience functions for CPANPLUS
- CPANPLUS::Module
CPAN module objects for CPANPLUS
- CPANPLUS::Module::Author
CPAN author object for CPANPLUS
- CPANPLUS::Module::Author::Fake
Dummy author object for CPANPLUS
- CPANPLUS::Module::Checksums
Checking the checksum of a distribution
- CPANPLUS::Module::Fake
Fake module object for internal use
- CPANPLUS::Selfupdate
Self-updating for CPANPLUS
- CPANPLUS::Shell
Base class for CPANPLUS shells
- CPANPLUS::Shell::Classic
CPAN.pm emulation for CPANPLUS
- CPANPLUS::Shell::Default
The default CPANPLUS shell
- CPANPLUS::Shell::Default::Plugins::CustomSource
Add custom sources to CPANPLUS
- CPANPLUS::Shell::Default::Plugins::HOWTO
Documentation on how to write your own plugins
- CPANPLUS::Shell::Default::Plugins::Remote
Connect to a remote CPANPLUS
- CPANPLUS::Shell::Default::Plugins::Source
Read in CPANPLUS commands
- Carp
Alternative warn and die for modules
- Class::Struct
Declare struct-like datatypes as Perl classes
- Compress::Raw::Bzip2
Low-Level Interface to bzip2 compression library
- Compress::Raw::Zlib
Low-Level Interface to zlib compression library
- Compress::Zlib
Interface to zlib compression library
- Config
Access Perl configuration information
- Cwd
Get pathname of current working directory
- DB
Programmatic interface to the Perl debugging API
- DBM_Filter
Filter DBM keys/values
- DBM_Filter::compress
Filter for DBM_Filter
- DBM_Filter::encode
Filter for DBM_Filter
- DBM_Filter::int32
Filter for DBM_Filter
- DBM_Filter::null
Filter for DBM_Filter
- DBM_Filter::utf8
Filter for DBM_Filter
- DB_File
Perl5 access to Berkeley DB version 1.x
- Data::Dumper
Stringified perl data structures, suitable for both printing and eval
- Devel::InnerPackage
Find all the inner packages of a package
- Devel::PPPort
Perl/Pollution/Portability
- Devel::Peek
A data debugging tool for the XS programmer
- Devel::SelfStubber
Generate stubs for a SelfLoading module
- Digest
Modules that calculate message digests
- Digest::MD5
Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm
- Digest::SHA
Perl extension for SHA-1/224/256/384/512
- Digest::base
Digest base class
- Digest::file
Calculate digests of files
- DirHandle
Supply object methods for directory handles
- Dumpvalue
Provides screen dump of Perl data.
- DynaLoader
Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
- Encode
Character encodings in Perl
- Encode::Alias
Alias definitions to encodings
- Encode::Byte
Single Byte Encodings
- Encode::CJKConstants
Internally used by Encode::??::ISO_2022_*
- Encode::CN
China-based Chinese Encodings
- Encode::CN::HZ
Internally used by Encode::CN
- Encode::Config
Internally used by Encode
- Encode::EBCDIC
EBCDIC Encodings
- Encode::Encoder
Object Oriented Encoder
- Encode::Encoding
Encode Implementation Base Class
- Encode::GSM0338
ESTI GSM 03.38 Encoding
- Encode::Guess
Guesses encoding from data
- Encode::JP
Japanese Encodings
- Encode::JP::H2Z
Internally used by Encode::JP::2022_JP*
- Encode::JP::JIS7
Internally used by Encode::JP
- Encode::KR
Korean Encodings
- Encode::KR::2022_KR
Internally used by Encode::KR
- Encode::MIME::Header
MIME 'B' and 'Q' header encoding
- Encode::MIME::Name
Internally used by Encode
- Encode::PerlIO
A detailed document on Encode and PerlIO
- Encode::Supported
Encodings supported by Encode
- Encode::Symbol
Symbol Encodings
- Encode::TW
Taiwan-based Chinese Encodings
- Encode::Unicode
Various Unicode Transformation Formats
- Encode::Unicode::UTF7
UTF-7 encoding
- English
Use nice English (or awk) names for ugly punctuation variables
- Env
Perl module that imports environment variables as scalars or arrays
- Errno
System errno constants
- Exporter
Implements default import method for modules
- Exporter::Heavy
Exporter guts
- ExtUtils::CBuilder
Compile and link C code for Perl modules
- ExtUtils::CBuilder::Platform::Windows
Builder class for Windows platforms
- ExtUtils::Command
Utilities to replace common UNIX commands in Makefiles etc.
- ExtUtils::Command::MM
Commands for the MM's to use in Makefiles
- ExtUtils::Constant
Generate XS code to import C header constants
- ExtUtils::Constant::Base
Base class for ExtUtils::Constant objects
- ExtUtils::Constant::Utils
Helper functions for ExtUtils::Constant
- ExtUtils::Constant::XS
Generate C code for XS modules' constants.
- ExtUtils::Embed
Utilities for embedding Perl in C/C++ applications
- ExtUtils::Install
Install files from here to there
- ExtUtils::Installed
Inventory management of installed modules
- ExtUtils::Liblist
Determine libraries to use and how to use them
- ExtUtils::MM
OS adjusted ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass
- ExtUtils::MM_AIX
AIX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
- ExtUtils::MM_Any
Platform-agnostic MM methods
- ExtUtils::MM_BeOS
Methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
- ExtUtils::MM_Cygwin
Methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
- ExtUtils::MM_DOS
DOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
- ExtUtils::MM_Darwin
Special behaviors for OS X
- ExtUtils::MM_MacOS
Once produced Makefiles for MacOS Classic
- ExtUtils::MM_NW5
Methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
- ExtUtils::MM_OS2
Methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
- ExtUtils::MM_QNX
QNX specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
- ExtUtils::MM_UWIN
U/WIN specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
- ExtUtils::MM_Unix
Methods used by ExtUtils::MakeMaker
- ExtUtils::MM_VMS
Methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
- ExtUtils::MM_VOS
VOS specific subclass of ExtUtils::MM_Unix
- ExtUtils::MM_Win32
Methods to override UN*X behaviour in ExtUtils::MakeMaker
- ExtUtils::MM_Win95
Method to customize MakeMaker for Win9X
- ExtUtils::MY
ExtUtils::MakeMaker subclass for customization
- ExtUtils::MakeMaker
Create a module Makefile
- ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config
Wrapper around Config.pm
- ExtUtils::MakeMaker::FAQ
Frequently Asked Questions About MakeMaker
- ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial
Writing a module with MakeMaker
- ExtUtils::Manifest
Utilities to write and check a MANIFEST file
- ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap
Make a bootstrap file for use by DynaLoader
- ExtUtils::Mksymlists
Write linker options files for dynamic extension
- ExtUtils::Packlist
Manage .packlist files
- ExtUtils::ParseXS
Converts Perl XS code into C code
- ExtUtils::ParseXS::Constants
Initialization values for some globals
- ExtUtils::ParseXS::Utilities
Subroutines used with ExtUtils::ParseXS
- ExtUtils::Typemaps
Read/Write/Modify Perl/XS typemap files
- ExtUtils::Typemaps::Cmd
Quick commands for handling typemaps
- ExtUtils::Typemaps::InputMap
Entry in the INPUT section of a typemap
- ExtUtils::Typemaps::OutputMap
Entry in the OUTPUT section of a typemap
- ExtUtils::Typemaps::Type
Entry in the TYPEMAP section of a typemap
- ExtUtils::XSSymSet
Keep sets of symbol names palatable to the VMS linker
- ExtUtils::testlib
Add blib/* directories to @INC
- Fatal
Replace functions with equivalents which succeed or die
- Fcntl
Load the C Fcntl.h defines
- File::Basename
Parse file paths into directory, filename and suffix.
- File::CheckTree
Run many filetest checks on a tree
- File::Compare
Compare files or filehandles
- File::Copy
Copy files or filehandles
- File::DosGlob
DOS like globbing and then some
- File::Fetch
A generic file fetching mechanism
- File::Find
Traverse a directory tree.
- File::Glob
Perl extension for BSD glob routine
- File::GlobMapper
Extend File Glob to Allow Input and Output Files
- File::Path
Create or remove directory trees
- File::Spec
Portably perform operations on file names
- File::Spec::Cygwin
Methods for Cygwin file specs
- File::Spec::Epoc
Methods for Epoc file specs
- File::Spec::Functions
Portably perform operations on file names
- File::Spec::Mac
File::Spec for Mac OS (Classic)
- File::Spec::OS2
Methods for OS/2 file specs
- File::Spec::Unix
File::Spec for Unix, base for other File::Spec modules
- File::Spec::VMS
Methods for VMS file specs
- File::Spec::Win32
Methods for Win32 file specs
- File::Temp
Return name and handle of a temporary file safely
- File::stat
By-name interface to Perl's built-in stat() functions
- FileCache
Keep more files open than the system permits
- FileHandle
Supply object methods for filehandles
- Filter::Simple
Simplified source filtering
- Filter::Util::Call
Perl Source Filter Utility Module
- FindBin
Locate directory of original perl script
- GDBM_File
Perl5 access to the gdbm library.
- Getopt::Long
Extended processing of command line options
- Getopt::Std
Process single-character switches with switch clustering
- HTTP::Tiny
A small, simple, correct HTTP/1.1 client
- Hash::Util
A selection of general-utility hash subroutines
- Hash::Util::FieldHash
Support for Inside-Out Classes
- I18N::Collate
Compare 8-bit scalar data according to the current locale
- I18N::LangTags
Functions for dealing with RFC3066-style language tags
- I18N::LangTags::Detect
Detect the user's language preferences
- I18N::LangTags::List
Tags and names for human languages
- I18N::Langinfo
Query locale information
- IO
Load various IO modules
- IO::Compress::Base
Base Class for IO::Compress modules
- IO::Compress::Bzip2
Write bzip2 files/buffers
- IO::Compress::Deflate
Write RFC 1950 files/buffers
- IO::Compress::FAQ
Frequently Asked Questions about IO::Compress
- IO::Compress::Gzip
Write RFC 1952 files/buffers
- IO::Compress::RawDeflate
Write RFC 1951 files/buffers
- IO::Compress::Zip
Write zip files/buffers
- IO::Dir
Supply object methods for directory handles
- IO::File
Supply object methods for filehandles
- IO::Handle
Supply object methods for I/O handles
- IO::Pipe
Supply object methods for pipes
- IO::Poll
Object interface to system poll call
- IO::Seekable
Supply seek based methods for I/O objects
- IO::Select
OO interface to the select system call
- IO::Socket
Object interface to socket communications
- IO::Socket::INET
Object interface for AF_INET domain sockets
- IO::Socket::UNIX
Object interface for AF_UNIX domain sockets
- IO::Uncompress::AnyInflate
Uncompress zlib-based (zip, gzip) file/buffer
- IO::Uncompress::AnyUncompress
Uncompress gzip, zip, bzip2 or lzop file/buffer
- IO::Uncompress::Base
Base Class for IO::Uncompress modules
- IO::Uncompress::Bunzip2
Read bzip2 files/buffers
- IO::Uncompress::Gunzip
Read RFC 1952 files/buffers
- IO::Uncompress::Inflate
Read RFC 1950 files/buffers
- IO::Uncompress::RawInflate
Read RFC 1951 files/buffers
- IO::Uncompress::Unzip
Read zip files/buffers
- IO::Zlib
IO:: style interface to Compress::Zlib
- IPC::Cmd
Finding and running system commands made easy
- IPC::Msg
SysV Msg IPC object class
- IPC::Open2
Open a process for both reading and writing using open2()
- IPC::Open3
Open a process for reading, writing, and error handling using open3()
- IPC::Semaphore
SysV Semaphore IPC object class
- IPC::SharedMem
SysV Shared Memory IPC object class
- IPC::SysV
System V IPC constants and system calls
- JSON::PP
JSON::XS compatible pure-Perl module.
- JSON::PP::Boolean
Dummy module providing JSON::PP::Boolean
- List::Util
A selection of general-utility list subroutines
- List::Util::XS
Indicate if List::Util was compiled with a C compiler
- Locale::Codes
A distribution of modules to handle locale codes
- Locale::Codes::API
A description of the callable function in each module
- Locale::Codes::Changes
Details changes to Locale::Codes
- Locale::Codes::Constants
Constants for Locale codes
- Locale::Codes::Country
Standard codes for country identification
- Locale::Codes::Country_Codes
Country codes for the Locale::Codes::Country module
- Locale::Codes::Country_Retired
Retired country codes for the Locale::Codes::Country module
- Locale::Codes::Currency
Standard codes for currency identification
- Locale::Codes::Currency_Codes
Currency codes for the Locale::Codes::Currency module
- Locale::Codes::Currency_Retired
Retired currency codes for the Locale::Codes::Currency module
- Locale::Codes::LangExt
Standard codes for language extension identification
- Locale::Codes::LangExt_Codes
Langext codes for the Locale::Codes::LangExt module
- Locale::Codes::LangExt_Retired
Retired langext codes for the Locale::Codes::LangExt module
- Locale::Codes::LangFam
Standard codes for language extension identification
- Locale::Codes::LangFam_Codes
Langfam codes for the Locale::Codes::LangFam module
- Locale::Codes::LangFam_Retired
Retired langfam codes for the Locale::Codes::LangFam module
- Locale::Codes::LangVar
Standard codes for language variation identification
- Locale::Codes::LangVar_Codes
Langvar codes for the Locale::Codes::LangVar module
- Locale::Codes::LangVar_Retired
Retired langvar codes for the Locale::Codes::LangVar module
- Locale::Codes::Language
Standard codes for language identification
- Locale::Codes::Language_Codes
Language codes for the Locale::Codes::Language module
- Locale::Codes::Language_Retired
Retired language codes for the Locale::Codes::Language module
- Locale::Codes::Script
Standard codes for script identification
- Locale::Codes::Script_Codes
Script codes for the Locale::Codes::Script module
- Locale::Codes::Script_Retired
Retired script codes for the Locale::Codes::Script module
- Locale::Country
Standard codes for country identification
- Locale::Currency
Standard codes for currency identification
- Locale::Language
Standard codes for language identification
- Locale::Maketext
Framework for localization
- Locale::Maketext::Cookbook
Recipes for using Locale::Maketext
- Locale::Maketext::Guts
Deprecated module to load Locale::Maketext utf8 code
- Locale::Maketext::GutsLoader
Deprecated module to load Locale::Maketext utf8 code
- Locale::Maketext::Simple
Simple interface to Locale::Maketext::Lexicon
- Locale::Maketext::TPJ13
Article about software localization
- Locale::Script
Standard codes for script identification
- Log::Message
A generic message storing mechanism;
- Log::Message::Config
Configuration options for Log::Message
- Log::Message::Handlers
Message handlers for Log::Message
- Log::Message::Item
Message objects for Log::Message
- Log::Message::Simple
Simplified interface to Log::Message
- MIME::Base64
Encoding and decoding of base64 strings
- MIME::QuotedPrint
Encoding and decoding of quoted-printable strings
- Math::BigFloat
Arbitrary size floating point math package
- Math::BigInt
Arbitrary size integer/float math package
- Math::BigInt::Calc
Pure Perl module to support Math::BigInt
- Math::BigInt::CalcEmu
Emulate low-level math with BigInt code
- Math::BigInt::FastCalc
Math::BigInt::Calc with some XS for more speed
- Math::BigRat
Arbitrary big rational numbers
- Math::Complex
Complex numbers and associated mathematical functions
- Math::Trig
Trigonometric functions
- Memoize
Make functions faster by trading space for time
- Memoize::AnyDBM_File
Glue to provide EXISTS for AnyDBM_File for Storable use
- Memoize::Expire
Plug-in module for automatic expiration of memoized values
- Memoize::ExpireFile
Test for Memoize expiration semantics
- Memoize::ExpireTest
Test for Memoize expiration semantics
- Memoize::NDBM_File
Glue to provide EXISTS for NDBM_File for Storable use
- Memoize::SDBM_File
Glue to provide EXISTS for SDBM_File for Storable use
- Memoize::Storable
Store Memoized data in Storable database
- Module::Build
Build and install Perl modules
- Module::Build::API
API Reference for Module Authors
- Module::Build::Authoring
Authoring Module::Build modules
- Module::Build::Base
Default methods for Module::Build
- Module::Build::Bundling
How to bundle Module::Build with a distribution
- Module::Build::Compat
Compatibility with ExtUtils::MakeMaker
- Module::Build::ConfigData
Configuration for Module::Build
- Module::Build::Cookbook
Examples of Module::Build Usage
- Module::Build::ModuleInfo
DEPRECATED
- Module::Build::Notes
Create persistent distribution configuration modules
- Module::Build::PPMMaker
Perl Package Manager file creation
- Module::Build::Platform::Amiga
Builder class for Amiga platforms
- Module::Build::Platform::Default
Stub class for unknown platforms
- Module::Build::Platform::EBCDIC
Builder class for EBCDIC platforms
- Module::Build::Platform::MPEiX
Builder class for MPEiX platforms
- Module::Build::Platform::MacOS
Builder class for MacOS platforms
- Module::Build::Platform::RiscOS
Builder class for RiscOS platforms
- Module::Build::Platform::Unix
Builder class for Unix platforms
- Module::Build::Platform::VMS
Builder class for VMS platforms
- Module::Build::Platform::VOS
Builder class for VOS platforms
- Module::Build::Platform::Windows
Builder class for Windows platforms
- Module::Build::Platform::aix
Builder class for AIX platform
- Module::Build::Platform::cygwin
Builder class for Cygwin platform
- Module::Build::Platform::darwin
Builder class for Mac OS X platform
- Module::Build::Platform::os2
Builder class for OS/2 platform
- Module::Build::Version
DEPRECATED
- Module::Build::YAML
DEPRECATED
- Module::CoreList
What modules shipped with versions of perl
- Module::Load
Runtime require of both modules and files
- Module::Load::Conditional
Looking up module information / loading at runtime
- Module::Loaded
Mark modules as loaded or unloaded
- Module::Metadata
Gather package and POD information from perl module files
- Module::Pluggable
Automatically give your module the ability to have plugins
- Module::Pluggable::Object
Automatically give your module the ability to have plugins
- NDBM_File
Tied access to ndbm files
- NEXT
Provide a pseudo-class NEXT (et al) that allows method redispatch
- Net::Cmd
Network Command class (as used by FTP, SMTP etc)
- Net::Config
Local configuration data for libnet
- Net::Domain
Attempt to evaluate the current host's internet name and domain
- Net::FTP
FTP Client class
- Net::NNTP
NNTP Client class
- Net::Netrc
OO interface to users netrc file
- Net::POP3
Post Office Protocol 3 Client class (RFC1939)
- Net::Ping
Check a remote host for reachability
- Net::SMTP
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client
- Net::Time
Time and daytime network client interface
- Net::hostent
By-name interface to Perl's built-in gethost*() functions
- Net::libnetFAQ
Libnet Frequently Asked Questions
- Net::netent
By-name interface to Perl's built-in getnet*() functions
- Net::protoent
By-name interface to Perl's built-in getproto*() functions
- Net::servent
By-name interface to Perl's built-in getserv*() functions
- O
Generic interface to Perl Compiler backends
- ODBM_File
Tied access to odbm files
- Object::Accessor
Interface to create per object accessors
- Opcode
Disable named opcodes when compiling perl code
- POSIX
Perl interface to IEEE Std 1003.1
- Package::Constants
List all constants declared in a package
- Params::Check
A generic input parsing/checking mechanism.
- Parse::CPAN::Meta
Parse META.yml and META.json CPAN metadata files
- Perl::OSType
Map Perl operating system names to generic types
- PerlIO
On demand loader for PerlIO layers and root of PerlIO::* name space
- PerlIO::encoding
Encoding layer
- PerlIO::mmap
Memory mapped IO
- PerlIO::scalar
In-memory IO, scalar IO
- PerlIO::via
Helper class for PerlIO layers implemented in perl
- PerlIO::via::QuotedPrint
PerlIO layer for quoted-printable strings
- Pod::Checker
Check pod documents for syntax errors
- Pod::Escapes
For resolving Pod E<...> sequences
- Pod::Find
Find POD documents in directory trees
- Pod::Functions
Group Perl's functions a la perlfunc.pod
- Pod::Html
Module to convert pod files to HTML
- Pod::InputObjects
Objects representing POD input paragraphs, commands, etc.
- Pod::LaTeX
Convert Pod data to formatted Latex
- Pod::Man
Convert POD data to formatted *roff input
- Pod::ParseLink
Parse an L<> formatting code in POD text
- Pod::ParseUtils
Helpers for POD parsing and conversion
- Pod::Parser
Base class for creating POD filters and translators
- Pod::Perldoc
Look up Perl documentation in Pod format.
- Pod::Perldoc::BaseTo
Base for Pod::Perldoc formatters
- Pod::Perldoc::GetOptsOO
Customized option parser for Pod::Perldoc
- Pod::Perldoc::ToANSI
Render Pod with ANSI color escapes
- Pod::Perldoc::ToChecker
Let Perldoc check Pod for errors
- Pod::Perldoc::ToMan
Let Perldoc render Pod as man pages
- Pod::Perldoc::ToNroff
Let Perldoc convert Pod to nroff
- Pod::Perldoc::ToPod
Let Perldoc render Pod as ... Pod!
- Pod::Perldoc::ToRtf
Let Perldoc render Pod as RTF
- Pod::Perldoc::ToTerm
Render Pod with terminal escapes
- Pod::Perldoc::ToText
Let Perldoc render Pod as plaintext
- Pod::Perldoc::ToTk
Let Perldoc use Tk::Pod to render Pod
- Pod::Perldoc::ToXml
Let Perldoc render Pod as XML
- Pod::PlainText
Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
- Pod::Select
Extract selected sections of POD from input
- Pod::Simple
Framework for parsing Pod
- Pod::Simple::Checker
Check the Pod syntax of a document
- Pod::Simple::Debug
Put Pod::Simple into trace/debug mode
- Pod::Simple::DumpAsText
Dump Pod-parsing events as text
- Pod::Simple::DumpAsXML
Turn Pod into XML
- Pod::Simple::HTML
Convert Pod to HTML
- Pod::Simple::HTMLBatch
Convert several Pod files to several HTML files
- Pod::Simple::LinkSection
Represent "section" attributes of L codes
- Pod::Simple::Methody
Turn Pod::Simple events into method calls
- Pod::Simple::PullParser
A pull-parser interface to parsing Pod
- Pod::Simple::PullParserEndToken
End-tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser
- Pod::Simple::PullParserStartToken
Start-tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser
- Pod::Simple::PullParserTextToken
Text-tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser
- Pod::Simple::PullParserToken
Tokens from Pod::Simple::PullParser
- Pod::Simple::RTF
Format Pod as RTF
- Pod::Simple::Search
Find POD documents in directory trees
- Pod::Simple::SimpleTree
Parse Pod into a simple parse tree
- Pod::Simple::Subclassing
Write a formatter as a Pod::Simple subclass
- Pod::Simple::Text
Format Pod as plaintext
- Pod::Simple::TextContent
Get the text content of Pod
- Pod::Simple::XHTML
Format Pod as validating XHTML
- Pod::Simple::XMLOutStream
Turn Pod into XML
- Pod::Text
Convert POD data to formatted ASCII text
- Pod::Text::Color
Convert POD data to formatted color ASCII text
- Pod::Text::Termcap
Convert POD data to ASCII text with format escapes
- Pod::Usage
Print a usage message from embedded pod documentation
- SDBM_File
Tied access to sdbm files
- Safe
Compile and execute code in restricted compartments
- Scalar::Util
A selection of general-utility scalar subroutines
- Search::Dict
Look - search for key in dictionary file
- SelectSaver
Save and restore selected file handle
- SelfLoader
Load functions only on demand
- Storable
Persistence for Perl data structures
- Symbol
Manipulate Perl symbols and their names
- Sys::Hostname
Try every conceivable way to get hostname
- Sys::Syslog
Perl interface to the UNIX syslog(3) calls
- Sys::Syslog::Win32
Win32 support for Sys::Syslog
- TAP::Base
Base class that provides common functionality to TAP::Parser
- TAP::Formatter::Base
Base class for harness output delegates
- TAP::Formatter::Color
Run Perl test scripts with color
- TAP::Formatter::Console
Harness output delegate for default console output
- TAP::Formatter::Console::ParallelSession
Harness output delegate for parallel console output
- TAP::Formatter::Console::Session
Harness output delegate for default console output
- TAP::Formatter::File
Harness output delegate for file output
- TAP::Formatter::File::Session
Harness output delegate for file output
- TAP::Formatter::Session
Abstract base class for harness output delegate
- TAP::Harness
Run test scripts with statistics
- TAP::Object
Base class that provides common functionality to all TAP::*
modules
- TAP::Parser
Parse TAP output
- TAP::Parser::Aggregator
Aggregate TAP::Parser results
- TAP::Parser::Grammar
A grammar for the Test Anything Protocol.
- TAP::Parser::Iterator
Base class for TAP source iterators
- TAP::Parser::Iterator::Array
Iterator for array-based TAP sources
- TAP::Parser::Iterator::Process
Iterator for process-based TAP sources
- TAP::Parser::Iterator::Stream
Iterator for filehandle-based TAP sources
- TAP::Parser::IteratorFactory
Figures out which SourceHandler objects to use for a given Source
- TAP::Parser::Multiplexer
Multiplex multiple TAP::Parsers
- TAP::Parser::Result
Base class for TAP::Parser output objects
- TAP::Parser::Result::Bailout
Bailout result token.
- TAP::Parser::Result::Comment
Comment result token.
- TAP::Parser::Result::Plan
Plan result token.
- TAP::Parser::Result::Pragma
TAP pragma token.
- TAP::Parser::Result::Test
Test result token.
- TAP::Parser::Result::Unknown
Unknown result token.
- TAP::Parser::Result::Version
TAP syntax version token.
- TAP::Parser::Result::YAML
YAML result token.
- TAP::Parser::ResultFactory
Factory for creating TAP::Parser output objects
- TAP::Parser::Scheduler
Schedule tests during parallel testing
- TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Job
A single testing job.
- TAP::Parser::Scheduler::Spinner
A no-op job.
- TAP::Parser::Source
A TAP source & meta data about it
- TAP::Parser::SourceHandler
Base class for different TAP source handlers
- TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Executable
Stream output from an executable TAP source
- TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::File
Stream TAP from a text file.
- TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Handle
Stream TAP from an IO::Handle or a GLOB.
- TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::Perl
Stream TAP from a Perl executable
- TAP::Parser::SourceHandler::RawTAP
Stream output from raw TAP in a scalar/array ref.
- TAP::Parser::Utils
Internal TAP::Parser utilities
- TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Reader
Read YAMLish data from iterator
- TAP::Parser::YAMLish::Writer
Write YAMLish data
- Term::ANSIColor
Color screen output using ANSI escape sequences
- Term::Cap
Perl termcap interface
- Term::Complete
Perl word completion module
- Term::ReadLine
Perl interface to various readline
packages.
- Term::UI
Term::ReadLine UI made easy
- Term::UI::History
History function
- Test
Provides a simple framework for writing test scripts
- Test::Builder
Backend for building test libraries
- Test::Builder::Module
Base class for test modules
- Test::Builder::Tester
Test testsuites that have been built with
- Test::Builder::Tester::Color
Turn on colour in Test::Builder::Tester
- Test::Harness
Run Perl standard test scripts with statistics
- Test::More
Yet another framework for writing test scripts
- Test::Simple
Basic utilities for writing tests.
- Test::Tutorial
A tutorial about writing really basic tests
- Text::Abbrev
Abbrev - create an abbreviation table from a list
- Text::Balanced
Extract delimited text sequences from strings.
- Text::ParseWords
Parse text into an array of tokens or array of arrays
- Text::Soundex
Implementation of the soundex algorithm.
- Text::Tabs
Expand and unexpand tabs per the unix expand(1) and unexpand(1)
- Text::Wrap
Line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
- Thread
Manipulate threads in Perl (for old code only)
- Thread::Queue
Thread-safe queues
- Thread::Semaphore
Thread-safe semaphores
- Tie::Array
Base class for tied arrays
- Tie::File
Access the lines of a disk file via a Perl array
- Tie::Handle
Base class definitions for tied handles
- Tie::Hash
Base class definitions for tied hashes
- Tie::Hash::NamedCapture
Named regexp capture buffers
- Tie::Memoize
Add data to hash when needed
- Tie::RefHash
Use references as hash keys
- Tie::Scalar
Base class definitions for tied scalars
- Tie::StdHandle
Base class definitions for tied handles
- Tie::SubstrHash
Fixed-table-size, fixed-key-length hashing
- Time::HiRes
High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval timers
- Time::Local
Efficiently compute time from local and GMT time
- Time::Piece
Object Oriented time objects
- Time::Seconds
A simple API to convert seconds to other date values
- Time::gmtime
By-name interface to Perl's built-in gmtime() function
- Time::localtime
By-name interface to Perl's built-in localtime() function
- Time::tm
Internal object used by Time::gmtime and Time::localtime
- UNIVERSAL
Base class for ALL classes (blessed references)
- Unicode::Collate
Unicode Collation Algorithm
- Unicode::Collate::CJK::Big5
Weighting CJK Unified Ideographs
- Unicode::Collate::CJK::GB2312
Weighting CJK Unified Ideographs
- Unicode::Collate::CJK::JISX0208
Weighting JIS KANJI for Unicode::Collate
- Unicode::Collate::CJK::Korean
Weighting CJK Unified Ideographs
- Unicode::Collate::CJK::Pinyin
Weighting CJK Unified Ideographs
- Unicode::Collate::CJK::Stroke
Weighting CJK Unified Ideographs
- Unicode::Collate::Locale
Linguistic tailoring for DUCET via Unicode::Collate
- Unicode::Normalize
Unicode Normalization Forms
- Unicode::UCD
Unicode character database
- User::grent
By-name interface to Perl's built-in getgr*() functions
- User::pwent
By-name interface to Perl's built-in getpw*() functions
- VMS::DCLsym
Perl extension to manipulate DCL symbols
- VMS::Stdio
Standard I/O functions via VMS extensions
- Version::Requirements
A set of version requirements for a CPAN dist
- Win32API::File
Low-level access to Win32 system API calls for files/dirs.
- Win32CORE
Win32 CORE function stubs
- XS::APItest
Test the perl C API
- XS::Typemap
Module to test the XS typemaps distributed with perl
- XSLoader
Dynamically load C libraries into Perl code
- version::Internals
Perl extension for Version Objects
(The -T is here to prevent '.' from being listed in @INC.)They should all have their own documentation installed and accessiblevia your system man(1) command. If you do not have a findprogram, you can use the Perl find2perl program instead, whichgenerates Perl code as output you can run through perl. If youhave a man program but it doesn't find your modules, you'll haveto fix your manpath. See perl for details. If you have nosystem man command, you might try the perldoc program.
Extension modules are written in C (or a mix of Perl and C). Theyare usually dynamically loaded into Perl if and when you need them,but may also be linked in statically. Supported extension modulesinclude Socket, Fcntl, and POSIX.
Many popular C extension modules do not come bundled (at least, notcompletely) due to their sizes, volatility, or simply lack of timefor adequate testing and configuration across the multitude ofplatforms on which Perl was beta-tested. You are encouraged tolook for them on CPAN (described below), or using web search engineslike Alta Vista or Google.
CPAN stands for Comprehensive Perl Archive Network; it's a globallyreplicated trove of Perl materials, including documentation, styleguides, tricks and traps, alternate ports to non-Unix systems andoccasional binary distributions for these. Search engines forCPAN can be found at http://www.cpan.org/
Most importantly, CPAN includes around a thousand unbundled modules,some of which require a C compiler to build. Major categories ofmodules are:
The list of the registered CPAN sites follows.Please note that the sorting order is alphabetical on fields:
and thus the North American servers happen to be listed between theEuropean and the South American sites.
(The following section is borrowed directly from Tim Bunce's modulesfile, available at your nearest CPAN site.)
Perl implements a class using a package, but the presence of apackage doesn't imply the presence of a class. A package is just anamespace. A class is a package that provides subroutines that can beused as methods. A method is just a subroutine that expects, as itsfirst argument, either the name of a package (for "static" methods),or a reference to something (for "virtual" methods).
A module is a file that (by convention) provides a class of the samename (sans the .pm), plus an import method in that class that can becalled to fetch exported symbols. This module may implement some ofits methods by loading dynamic C or C++ objects, but that should betotally transparent to the user of the module. Likewise, the modulemight set up an AUTOLOAD function to slurp in subroutine definitions ondemand, but this is also transparent. Only the .pm file is required toexist. See perlsub, perlobj, and AutoLoader for details aboutthe AUTOLOAD mechanism.
Perl does not enforce private and public parts of its modules as you mayhave been used to in other languages like C++, Ada, or Modula-17. Perldoesn't have an infatuation with enforced privacy. It would preferthat you stayed out of its living room because you weren't invited, notbecause it has a shotgun.
The module and its user have a contract, part of which is common law,and part of which is "written". Part of the common law contract isthat a module doesn't pollute any namespace it wasn't asked to. Thewritten contract for the module (A.K.A. documentation) may make otherprovisions. But then you know when you use RedefineTheWorld
thatyou're redefining the world and willing to take the consequences.